Identification of hepatitis C virus 2k/1b intergenotypic recombinants in Georgia

Zakalashvili, Mamuka; Zarkua, Jaba; Weizenegger, Michael; Bartel, Jan; Raabe, Marco; Zangurashvili, Lela; Kankia, Nino; Jashiashvili, Nino; Lomidze, Maka; Telia, Tengiz; Kerashvili, Vakhtang; Zhamutashvili, Maia; Abramishvili, Nikoloz; Hedskog, Charlotte; Chodavarapu, Krishna; Brainard, Diana M.; McHutchison, John G.; Mo, Hongmei; Svarovskaia, Evguenia S.; Gish, Robert G.; Rtskhiladze, Irakli; Metreveli, David

doi:10.1111/liv.13540

Cited by 14 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 24 publications

(72 reference statements)

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“…Eleven mixed genotypes were detected by the GT II assay, eight in Group 1 and three in Group 2. The GT Plus assay results in these samples were as follows (Table 4): (i) the genotype 1 subtype was resolved in seven specimens and results were confirmed either by the reference method in the targeted core region ( n = 6; two 1a and four 1b) or by LiPA ( n = 1; 1b); (ii) the GT Plus correctly showed a “not detected” result in one sample since sequencing revealed the presence of genotype 4m; (iii) similarly, a “not detected” result was obtained in one sample from Israel (I35) showing a result pattern across the assays that suggested a recombinant St. Petersburg variant consisting of genotype 2k in the 5’NC and core regions and 1b in NS5B 31 (GT II: genotype 2 in the 5′NC and 1b in the NS5B regions; LiPA: 2a/2c in 5’NC and core regions; and GT Plus : “not detected” in the core region since genotype 2 is not detected per assay design) but, unfortunately, there was no sample material left to perform sequencing for confirmation; and (iv) two samples with a “not detected” result of GT Plus turned out to be genotype 1b by sequencing of the targeted core region. Subsequently, all these samples with mixed genotypes were subjected to NGS, except for the three cases from Israel due to lack of residual sample material (Table 4).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Reliable resolution of ambiguous hepatitis C virus genotype 1 results with the Abbott HCV Genotype Plus RUO assay

Saludes

Antuori

Reinhardt

et al. 2019

Sci Rep

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Accurate subtyping of hepatitis C virus genotype 1 (HCV-1) remains clinically and epidemiologically relevant. The Abbott HCV Genotype Plus RUO (GT Plus ) assay, targeting the core region, was evaluated as a reflex test to resolve ambiguous HCV-1 results in a challenging sample collection. 198 HCV-1 specimens were analysed with GT Plus (38 specimens with and 160 without subtype assigned by the Abbott RealTi me Genotype II (GT II) assay targeting the 5’NC and NS5B regions). Sanger sequencing of the core and/or NS5B regions were performed in 127 specimens without subtype assignment by GT II, with “not detected” results by GT Plus , or with mixed genotypes/subtypes. The remaining GT Plus results were compared to LiPA 2.0 ( n = 45) or just to GT II results if concordant ( n = 26). GT Plus successfully assigned the subtype in 142/160 (88.8%) samples. “Not detected” results indicated other HCV-1 subtypes/genotypes or mismatches in the core region in subtype 1b. The subtyping concordance between GT Plus and either sequencing or LiPA was 98.6% (140/142). Therefore, combined use of GT II and GT Plus assays represents a reliable and simple approach which considerably reduced the number of ambiguous HCV-1 results and enabled a successful subtyping of 98.9% of all HCV-1 samples.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Reliable resolution of ambiguous hepatitis C virus genotype 1 results with the Abbott HCV Genotype Plus RUO assay

Saludes

Antuori

Reinhardt

et al. 2019

Sci Rep

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“…There is a significant variability in infection rate with this recombinant variant in the former Soviet republics. For example, in Georgia, prevalence of 2k/1b variant among all patients with chronic HCV infection reaches 19.7-22.2%, and 72-76% among patients with Gt 2, while in Uzbekistan, prevalence of 2k/1b variant does not exceed 1% of the total infected population [18-20].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Successful Hepatitis C Virus Eradication in a Hemodialysis Patient With 2k/1b Chimera Genotype: A Case Report and Literature Review

et al. 2019

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Treatment of hemodialysis patients infected with two or three hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotypes (Gt) with interferon-free regimens has not been possible until the recent introduction of pan-genotypic next generation therapy. The main reason is that sofosbuvir (SOF)-containing regimens are contraindicated in patients with low glomerular filtration rate. We describe here a case of a chronic HCV infection in a patient with end-stage renal disease, successfully treated with gleсaprevir/pibrentasvir (GLE/PIB). Limited published data are available regarding the efficacy of antiviral therapy in patients with rare HCV recombinant Gt 2k/1b. We were not able to identify any reports describing treatment of hemodialysis patients with this recombinant type of HCV. We present a 57-year-old patient with autosomal-dominant polycystic kidney disease with liver involvement with end-stage of kidney disease. He was infected with HCV Gt 2k/1b variant after initiation of hemodialysis. This subtype appeared in Russia (Soviet Union that times) as a result of high frequency of virus mutations, and actually is widely spread in some states of the post-Soviet space, as well as in the countries with intensive migration from Russia and other former Soviet republics. In this particular case, we observed a tendency to a rapid progression of liver fibrosis despite mild clinical activity of chronic hepatitis C. A 12-week course of GLE/PIB allowed achieving sustained virologic response (SVR) and was well tolerated.

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“…All HCV intergenotypic recombinants identified to date are restricted to a single individual [18]. The only strain that has been shown to circulate is the RF1 2k/1b strain, which was initially identified in Russia and other neighboring countries [5,7,10,19]. However, during the last decade a number of publications have shown the spread of RF1 2k/1b in other European countries, from individuals of Russian or Georgian origin [6-10].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intergenotypic 2k/1b hepatitis C virus recombinants in the East Macedonia and Thrace region of Greece

Kassela

Karakasiliotis

Kokkiou

et al. 2018

aog

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BackgroundIntergenotypic recombinant hepatitis C virus (HCV) strains emerge rarely during coinfection of the same individual with two HCV genotypes. Few recombinant HCV strains have been identified to date and only one, CRF01 2k/1b, has become a worldwide concern. This study reevaluated the genotyping of three HCV genotype 2 strains from a group of patients with an unusually low rate of sustained virological response after pegylated interferon/ribavirin treatment. In addition, genetic determinants of host interferon resistance were evaluated.MethodsThe HCV type 2 strains from the patients’ serum were subjected to partial sequencing of the core-E1, NS2, NS5A and NS5B regions by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Furthermore, the IFNL3 rs12979860 and the IFNL4 rs368234815 single nucleotide polymorphisms were defined in two of the three patients.ResultsAll three strains were phylogenetically related to the Russia-derived CRF01 2k/1b while they encompassed the exact same 2k/1b junction site within NS2.ConclusionThis is the first report of HCV 2k/1b recombinants in Greece and the greater area of the Balkans.

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Identification of hepatitis C virus 2k/1b intergenotypic recombinants in Georgia

Cited by 14 publications

References 24 publications

Reliable resolution of ambiguous hepatitis C virus genotype 1 results with the Abbott HCV Genotype Plus RUO assay

Reliable resolution of ambiguous hepatitis C virus genotype 1 results with the Abbott HCV Genotype Plus RUO assay

Successful Hepatitis C Virus Eradication in a Hemodialysis Patient With 2k/1b Chimera Genotype: A Case Report and Literature Review

Intergenotypic 2k/1b hepatitis C virus recombinants in the East Macedonia and Thrace region of Greece

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