Identification of genes for resistanceto wheat powdery mildew in Hungarian, Polish and Slovak wheat cultivars

Abstract

AbstractŠVEC M., SZUNICS L., MIKLOVIČOVÁ M., SLOVÁKOVÁ T., TISOVÁ V., HAUPTVOGEL P. (2002): Identification of genes for resistance to wheat powdery mildew in Hungarian, Polish and Slovak wheat cultivars. Plant Protect. Sci., 38: 64-72.The objective of the study was to identify genes for resistance to powdery mildew in wheat cultivars and land races from Poland, Slovakia and Hungary. The presence and distribution of resistance genes was compared to powdery mildew virulence structure in these countries. The different strategies in breeding for resistance were expressed in a different distribution of resistance genes, especially among Polish and Hungarian cultivars. In 20 of the 29 Hungarian common wheat cultivars the resistance gene Pm8 was found. Of the 32 Polish cultivars investigated, 16 possess a combination of genes Pm2+6. Resistance gene Pm4b did not occur in any Hungarian cultivar tested, and resistance gene pm5 was not detected in any Polish cultivar. Virulence in wheat powdery mildew populations was influenced by differences in distribution of resistance genes in host genotypes. The most significant difference was found between Polish and Hungarian powdery mildew populations. The two populations differed mainly in virulence against Pm2. Resistance gene MlAr was detected in three old Slovak cultivars.

A search for 4 specific markers linked to Pm3 alleles for resistance to powdery mildew (Blumeria graminis) in rye (Secale cereale)

“…This species is an important object of research in many countries. Studies on resistance to powdery mildew in wheat have been conducted in Nordic countries (Hysing et al 2007), Slovakia (Bojnanska 2009), Czech Republic (Svec et al 2002;Vechet 2006), France (Zeller et al 1993), Lithuania (Liatukas & Ruzgas 2008, 2009), Brazil (Costamilan 2005), India (Ahmadi et al 2011), the USA (Niewoehner & Leath 1998;Parks et al 2008), Poland (Kowalczyk et al 1998), andTurkey (Spetsov et al 2013). Those studies mainly located resistance genes on chromosomes and identified molecular markers linked to those genes.…”

An Analysis of the Genetic Diversity of Bread Wheat x Spelt Breeding Lines in Terms of Their Resistance to Powdery Mildew and Leaf Rust

“…In Poland, the percentage of B. graminis f. sp. tritici isolates virulent to the Pm4a allele was high (>50%) already in the first years of the 21st century [42]. The absence of the marker for the Pm4a allele in the analyzed bread wheat cultivars suggests that this gene had been gradually withdrawn from breeding programs.…”

“…These findings point to cyclic changes in the population of Bgt isolates. In the early years of the 21 st century, Bgt isolates in Poland were highly virulent to cultivars harboring the Pm4b allele [42]. However, the structure of Bgt isolates has not been researched extensively in Poland.…”

Advances in the Mining of Disease Resistance Genes from Aegilops tauschii and the Utilization in Wheat

“…Pm2a , as a successfully cloned gene from Aegilops tauschii , is of great significance in wheat breeding for powdery mildew resistance. Švec et al [ 167 ] identified the Pm2 gene in 32 Polish wheat varieties. Agnieszka et al [ 168 ] identified seven wheat varieties from Europe by establishing a multiplex PCR reaction and found that all wheat varieties contained the Pm2 gene.…”