An Analysis of the Genetic Diversity of Bread Wheat x Spelt Breeding Lines in Terms of Their Resistance to Powdery Mildew and Leaf Rust

Goriewa-Duba, Klaudia; Duba, Adrian; Suchowilska, Elżbieta; Wiwart, Marian

doi:10.3390/agronomy10050658

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Before this new trend of growing old crops, spelt had already been used in breeding programs as a source of resistance genes for some wheat diseases [ 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 ]. Now, in the context of the renewed interest in artisan and “more natural” food, spelt is used as raw material for the making of food products (bread, biscuits, pasta, pancakes, etc.)…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Processing and Bread-Making Quality Profile of Spanish Spelt Wheat

Huertas-García

Guzmán

Ibba

et al. 2023

Foods

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Spelt wheat (Triticum aestivum L. ssp. spelta Thell.) is an ancient wheat that has been widely cultivated for hundreds of years. Recently, this species has been neglected in most of Europe; however, the desire for more natural and traditional foods has driven a revival of the crop. In the current study, eighty-eight traditional spelt genotypes from Spain, together with nine common wheat cultivars and one modern spelt (cv. Anna Maria) were grown during a period of two years in Andalucia (southern Spain). In each, several traits were measured in to evaluate their milling, processing, and end-use quality (bread-making). The comparison between species suggested that, in general, spelt and common wheat showed differences for most of the measured traits; on average, spelt genotypes had softer grains, higher protein content (14.3 vs. 11.9%) and gluten extensibility (alveograph P/L 0.5 vs. 1.8), and lower gluten strength (alveograph W 187 vs. 438 × 10−4 J). In the baking test, both species showed similar values. Nevertheless, the analysis of this set of spelt genotypes showed a wide range for all measured traits, with higher values than common wheat in some spelt genotypes for some traits. This opens up the possibility of using these materials in future breeding programs, to develop either new spelt or common wheat cultivars.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Processing and Bread-Making Quality Profile of Spanish Spelt Wheat

Huertas-García

Guzmán

Ibba

et al. 2023

Foods

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“…This species has proved to be a rich reservoir of useful genes for tolerance to both biotic and abiotic stresses. For instance, accessions have been found with resistance to wheat yellow rust [8], leaf rust [9,10], or powdery mildew [10,11]. Genetic variation in spelt material in response to drought [12] and heat stresses [13] has been also identified, indicating that spelt may be used as a source of genes to strengthen the resistance of wheat lines to these stresses.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the Allelic Variations in Vernalisation (VRN1) and Photoperiod (PPD1) Genes and Genetic Diversity in a Spanish Spelt Wheat Collection

Palomino,

Cabrera

2023

IJMS

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Allelic variation within genes controlling the vernalisation requirement (VRN1) and photoperiod response (PPD1) determines the adaptation of wheat to different environmental growing conditions as well as influences other traits related to grain yield. This study aimed to screen a Spanish spelt wheat collection using gene-specific molecular markers for VRN-A1, VRN-B1, VRN-D1, and PPD-D1 loci and to phenotype for heading date (HD) in both field and greenhouse experiments under a long photoperiod and without vernalisation. Fifty-five spelt genotypes (91.7%) exhibited a spring growth habit, and all of them carried at least one dominant VRN1 allele, whereas five (8.3%) genotypes had a winter growth habit, and they carried the triple recessive allele combination. The Vrn-D1s was the most frequent allele in the studied set of spelt accessions, and it was found in combination with both the dominant Vrn-A1b and/or Vrn-B1a alleles in 88.3% of the spelt accessions tested. All spelt accessions carried the photoperiod-sensitive Ppd-D1b allele, which may explain the late heading of spelt germplasm compared to the commercial spring bread wheat Setenil used as a control. The least significant difference test showed significant differences between allelic combinations, the earliest accessions being those carrying two or three dominant alleles, followed by the one-gene combinations. In addition, the genetic diversity was evaluated through capillary electrophoresis using 15 wheat simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. Most markers had high levels of polymorphism, producing 95 different alleles which ranged between 53 and 279 bp in size. Based on the polymorphic information content values obtained (from 0.51 to 0.97), 12 out of the 15 SSRs were catalogued as informative markers (values > 0.5). According to the dendrogram generated, the spelt accessions clustered as a separate group from the commercial bread wheat Setenil. Knowledge of VRN1 and PPD1 alleles, heading time, and genetic variability using SSR markers is valuable for spelt wheat breeding programs.

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Spelt wheat resistance to rusts, powdery mildew, leaf blotch and common bunt

Dumalasová,

Grausgruber,

Zelba

et al. 2024

CEREAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS

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A spelt diversity panel including 80 genotypes of winter spelt was tested for resistance to common bunt, leaf blotch, powdery mildew, leaf rust, stem rust and yellow rust. The reaction to diseases was investigated in field trials carried out at multiple European locations between 2013 and 2019. Resistance was assessed after artificial inoculation or natural infestation by visual scoring of symptoms. The presence of rust resistance genes was postulated using molecular markers. It was found that the presence of hulls plays a role as a passive resistance factor against common bunt. The risk of fungal diseases in spelt is not negligible. Genotypes with low disease severity in all environments as well as combined resistance to multiple diseases were determined. Across all test environments, spelt genotypes ʻSofia 1ʼ and ʻAlbinʼ showed a very low disease infestation by common bunt, ʻSofia 1ʼ, ʻRiniken Weißkornʼ, ʻZürcher Oberländer Rotkornʼ and ʻToess 5Bʼ by leaf blotch, ʻSpeltvete från Gotlandʼ by yellow rust and ʻSofia 1ʼ by leaf rust and stem rust. The influence of the breeding period was examined, and differences between modern and old varieties/landraces have not been proven. The results obtained can be used for the selection of suitable parental material for breeding spelt with improved disease resistance.

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An Analysis of the Genetic Diversity of Bread Wheat x Spelt Breeding Lines in Terms of Their Resistance to Powdery Mildew and Leaf Rust

Cited by 4 publications

References 43 publications

Processing and Bread-Making Quality Profile of Spanish Spelt Wheat

Processing and Bread-Making Quality Profile of Spanish Spelt Wheat

Evaluation of the Allelic Variations in Vernalisation (VRN1) and Photoperiod (PPD1) Genes and Genetic Diversity in a Spanish Spelt Wheat Collection

Spelt wheat resistance to rusts, powdery mildew, leaf blotch and common bunt

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