Identification of Genes Coding for Nh4+ Transporters in 'Rocha' Pear/Ba29

Mota, Maria M.; Neto, Cláudia; Oliveira, Cristina M.

doi:10.17660/actahortic.2008.800.46

Cited by 2 publications

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“…Grape rootstocks [SO4 and K5BB (VITIS Rauscedo, Società Cooperativa Agricola, Rauscedo, Italy) favor nitrate uptake by affecting the activities of low-affinity nitrate transporter ( VvNRT1.3like ) and high-affinity nitrate transporter ( VvNRT2.4like ) genes in grapevines (Tomasi et al, 2015 ). In pear rootstock ( Pyrus betulaefolia ), six

transporter genes ( LjAMT;1, LjAMT;2, LjAMT;3, LeAMT;3, PbAMT1;3 , and PbAMT1;5 ) have been reported (Mota et al, 2008 ; Li et al, 2016d ); however, the roles of these and other transporters in grafted plants remain unclear. In two citrus rootstocks [Cleopatra mandarin ( C. reshni hort.…”

Section: Mechanismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Grafting: A Technique to Modify Ion Accumulation in Horticultural Crops

et al. 2016

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Grafting is a centuries-old technique used in plants to obtain economic benefits. Grafting increases nutrient uptake and utilization efficiency in a number of plant species, including fruits, vegetables, and ornamentals. Selected rootstocks of the same species or close relatives are utilized in grafting. Rootstocks absorb more water and ions than self-rooted plants and transport these water and ions to the aboveground scion. Ion uptake is regulated by a complex communication mechanism between the scion and rootstock. Sugars, hormones, and miRNAs function as long-distance signaling molecules and regulate ion uptake and ion homeostasis by affecting the activity of ion transporters. This review summarizes available information on the effect of rootstock on nutrient uptake and utilization and the mechanisms involved. Information on specific nutrient-efficient rootstocks for different crops of commercial importance is also provided. Several other important approaches, such as interstocking (during double grafting), inarching, use of plant-growth-promoting rhizobacteria, use of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, use of plant growth substances (e.g., auxin and melatonin), and use of genetically engineered rootstocks and scions (transgrafting), are highlighted; these approaches can be combined with grafting to enhance nutrient uptake and utilization in commercially important plant species. Whether the rootstock and scion affect each other's soil microbiota and their effect on the nutrient absorption of rootstocks remain largely unknown. Similarly, the physiological and molecular bases of grafting, crease formation, and incompatibility are not fully identified and require investigation. Grafting in horticultural crops can help reveal the basic biology of grafting, the reasons for incompatibility, sensing, and signaling of nutrients, ion uptake and transport, and the mechanism of heavy metal accumulation and restriction in rootstocks. Ion transporter and miRNA-regulated nutrient studies have focused on model and non-grafted plants, and information on grafted plants is limited. Such information will improve the development of nutrient-efficient rootstocks.

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Section: Mechanismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Grafting: A Technique to Modify Ion Accumulation in Horticultural Crops

et al. 2016

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“…Different grape rootstocks improved nitrate uptake by affecting the activities of low and high-affinity nitrate transporter genes [ 136 ]. In pear rootstocks, transcripts of ammonium transporters have been found to be affected by the rootstock [ 137 , 138 ].…”

Section: Effects Of the Rootstock On Different Horticultural Traits I...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiological, biochemical, and molecular aspects of grafting in fruit trees

Habibi

Liu

Folta

et al. 2022

Horticulture Research

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Grafting is a widely used practice for asexual propagation of fruit trees. Many physiological, biochemical, and molecular changes occur upon grafting that can influence important horticultural traits. This technology has many advantages, including avoidance of juvenility, modifying the scion architecture, improving productivity, adapting scion cultivars to unfavourable environmental conditions, and developing traits in resistance to insect pests, bacterial and fungal diseases. A limitation of grafting is scion-rootstock incompatibility. It may be caused by many factors, including insufficient genetic proximity, physiological or biochemical factors, lignification at the graft union, poor graft architecture, insufficient cell recognition between union tissues, and metabolic differences in the scion and the rootstock. Plant hormones, like auxin, ethylene (ET), cytokinin (CK), gibberellin (GA), abscisic acid (ABA), and jasmonic acid (JA) orchestrate several crucial physiological and biochemical processes happening at the site of the graft union. Additionally, epigenetic changes at the union affect chromatin architecture by DNA methylation, histone modification, and the action of small RNA molecules. The mechanism triggering these effects likely is affected by hormonal crosstalk, protein and small molecules movement, nutrients uptake, and transport in the grafted trees. This review provides an overview of the basis of physiological, biochemical, and molecular aspects of fruit tree grafting between scion and rootstock.

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Identification of Genes Coding for Nh4+ Transporters in 'Rocha' Pear/Ba29

Cited by 2 publications

References 0 publications

Grafting: A Technique to Modify Ion Accumulation in Horticultural Crops

Grafting: A Technique to Modify Ion Accumulation in Horticultural Crops

Physiological, biochemical, and molecular aspects of grafting in fruit trees

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