Identification of Four ATP-Binding Cassette Transporter Genes in <i>Cnaphalocrocis medinalis</i> and Their Expression in Response to Insecticide Treatment

Zhou

et al. 2019

Insects

The brown planthopper (BPH), Nilaparvata lugens, is an important pest of rice that severely affects production. Insecticides are an important means of controlling BPH, but their long-term use has led to resistance. To provide insight into BPH responses to insecticide stress, we determined the expression levels of BPH ABCG transporter genes under treatment with thiamethoxam, abamectin, and cyantraniliprole at LC10, LC25, LC50, and LC90. We cloned 13 BPH ABCG transporters, named NlABCG1 to NlABCG13. Conservative domain analysis showed that all 13 transporters have one nucleotide binding domain and one transmembrane domain, typical of semi-molecular transporters. Real-time quantitative PCR showed that thiamethoxam, abamectin, and cyantraniliprole stress increased the expression of some NlABCG transporters gene in BPH. However, after treatment with thiamethoxam at LC25 and abamectin at LC10, there was no significant upregulation of NlABCG. These results indicate that the expression of NlABCG varies in response to stress from different insecticides. These findings provide baseline information for further understanding of the molecular mechanisms of insecticide resistance in BPH.

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Effects of Insecticide Stress on Expression of NlABCG Transporter Gene in the Brown Planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens

Zhou

et al. 2019

Insects

“…Plant-derived EOs are also capable of inhibiting GABA receptors present in insects, which can suspend GABA from binding with GABArs (GABA receptors) in extrasynaptic synaptic membranes [ 64 , 65 , 66 ] ( Figure 1 ). Furthermore, phytochemical metabolites from plant-derived EOs can inhibit or interfere the activities of enzymes associated with the metabolism of xenobiotics and respiration of insects like CarEs, chitin, cytochrome P450s, ATP-binding cassette transporters and GSTs [ 67 , 68 , 69 ].…”

Section: Pesticidal and Fungicidal Action Mechanisms Of Plant-derived Essential Oilsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synergistic Field Crop Pest Management Properties of Plant-Derived Essential Oils in Combination with Synthetic Pesticides and Bioactive Molecules: A Review

Dassanayake

Chong

Khoo

et al. 2021

Foods

The management of insect pests and fungal diseases that cause damage to crops has become challenging due to the rise of pesticide and fungicide resistance. The recent developments in studies related to plant-derived essential oil products has led to the discovery of a range of phytochemicals with the potential to combat pesticide and fungicide resistance. This review paper summarizes and interprets the findings of experimental work based on plant-based essential oils in combination with existing pesticidal and fungicidal agents and novel bioactive natural and synthetic molecules against the insect pests and fungi responsible for the damage of crops. The insect mortality rate and fractional inhibitory concentration were used to evaluate the insecticidal and fungicidal activities of essential oil synergists against crop-associated pests. A number of studies have revealed that plant-derived essential oils are capable of enhancing the insect mortality rate and reducing the minimum inhibitory concentration of commercially available pesticides, fungicides and other bioactive molecules. Considering these facts, plant-derived essential oils represent a valuable and novel source of bioactive compounds with potent synergism to modulate crop-associated insect pests and phytopathogenic fungi.

“…(2014), found that AnstABCG4 expression is up-regulated in permethrin-treated Anopheles stephensi . Here, we identified the up-regulated expression of ABC transporters in insecticide-resistant G. pyloali s. Likewise, a recent study revealed that the transcription of CmABCG1 , CmABCG4 and CmABCC2 were significantly induced by chlorpyrifos in C. medinalis (Yu et al ., 2017). In this study, the identification of transcripts in these classes of ABC transporters promotes further studies into their involvement in insecticide resistance.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative transcriptome profiling reveals candidate genes related to insecticide resistance ofGlyphodes pyloalis

Gao

Liu

et al. 2019

Bull. Entomol. Res.

Glyphodes pyloalis Walker (Lepidoptera: Pyralididae) is a common pest in sericulture and has developed resistance to different insecticides. However, the mechanisms involved in insecticide resistance of G. pyloalis are poorly understood. Here, we present the first whole-transcriptome analysis of differential expression genes in insecticide-resistant and susceptible G. pyloalis. Clustering and enrichment analysis of DEGs revealed several biological pathways and enriched Gene Ontology terms were related to detoxification or insecticide resistance. Genes involved in insecticide metabolic processes, including cytochrome P450, glutathione S-transferases and carboxylesterase, were identified in the larval midgut of G. pyloalis. Among them, CYP324A19, CYP304F17, CYP6AW1, CYP6AB10, GSTs5, and AChE-like were significantly increased after propoxur treatment, while CYP324A19, CCE001c, and AChE-like were significantly induced by phoxim, suggesting that these genes were involved in insecticide metabolism. Furthermore, the sequence variation analysis identified 21 single nucleotide polymorphisms within CYP9A20, CYP6AB47, and CYP6AW1. Our findings reveal many candidate genes related to insecticide resistance of G. pyloalis. These results provide novel insights into insecticide resistance and facilitate the development of insecticides with greater specificity to G. pyloalis.