Identification of effective source rocks in different sedimentary environments and evaluation of hydrocarbon resources potential: A case study of paleogene source rocks in the Dongpu Depression, Bohai Bay Basin

Zhu, Chenxi; Jiang, Fujie; Zhang, Pengyuan; Hu, Tao; Liu, Ying; Xu, Tao; Zhang, Yunxian; Deng, Qian; Zhou, Yatong; Xiong, Hang; Song, Zezhang

doi:10.1016/j.petrol.2021.108477

Cited by 20 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…The late Ordovician–early Silurian shale is regarded as the source rocks and reservoirs for shale gas, and commercial oil and gas exploration and production have been achieved in some areas such as the Wufeng–Longmaxi Formations shale in the upper Yangtze Block, South China (Zou et al., 2019), and the hot shales in North Africa and Arabia (Lüning et al., 2000). Organic matter can provide adsorption space, and organic pores created by the corrosion of organic acid, and can generate hydrocarbons for shale gas accumulation (Delle Piane et al., 2022; Feng et al., 2021, 2023; Wang, Feng, et al., 2022; Wang, Li, et al., 2022; Zhang et al., 2021; Zhu et al., 2021). Therefore, exploring controlling factors and driving mechanism for the organic matter accumulation (OMA), which determines the potential of hydrocarbon generation and serving as reservoirs (Jarvie et al., 2007; Mastalerz et al., 2012; Shang, Zhu, Hu, Zhu, et al., 2020; Wang, Pang, et al., 2020), is critical to decipher the commercial unconventional shale resources (Ghazwani et al., 2018; Loucks & Ruppel, 2007; Shang et al., 2021; Wang et al., 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of the Late Ordovician‐Early Silurian Paleoenvironment and Related Geological Processes on the Organic Matter Accumulation and Carbon Isotope Excursion

Zhang

Wang

Wei

et al. 2023

Paleoceanog and Paleoclimatol

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The late Ordovician-early Silurian transition witnessed extinctions, eustatic changes, climatic fluctuations, frequent volcanism, large-scale glaciation, intense tectonic activities, changes in oceanic redox, accompanied by the shale deposition on a global scale (Bond & Grasby, 2020;Hu et al., 2020;Vandenbroucke et al., 2015). The late Ordovician-early Silurian shale is regarded as the source rocks and reservoirs for shale gas, and commercial oil and gas exploration and production have been achieved in some areas such as the Wufeng-Longmaxi Formations shale in the upper Yangtze Block, South China (Zou et al., 2019), and the hot shales in North Africa and Arabia (Lüning et al., 2000). Organic matter can provide adsorption space, and organic pores created by the corrosion of organic acid, and can generate hydrocarbons for shale gas accumulation (

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of the Late Ordovician‐Early Silurian Paleoenvironment and Related Geological Processes on the Organic Matter Accumulation and Carbon Isotope Excursion

Zhang

Wang

Wei

et al. 2023

Paleoceanog and Paleoclimatol

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“…Therefore, the characteristics and evaluation of source rocks have become the top priority of oil and gas exploration. 6 , 7 The geochemical characteristics of source rocks mainly focus on the abundance, type, and maturity of organic matters. Macroscopically, it is also necessary to evaluate the thicknesses distribution of source rocks.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The source rocks play an important role during the oil and gas exploration. − Especially with the improvement of oil and gas exploration, it is increasingly difficult to increase the reserve and production. Therefore, the characteristics and evaluation of source rocks have become the top priority of oil and gas exploration. , The geochemical characteristics of source rocks mainly focus on the abundance, type, and maturity of organic matters. Macroscopically, it is also necessary to evaluate the thicknesses distribution of source rocks. − …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geochemical Characteristics and Distribution of the Subsalt Source Rocks in the Santos Basin, Brazil

Zuo¹,

Wang²,

Fan³

et al. 2022

ACS Omega

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The Santos Basin in Brazil is a hot area of oil and gas exploration in recent years, and its subsalt lacustrine mudstones are the main source rock of the basin. However, there is a lack of studies on the source rocks of the subsalt Picarras and Itapema formations, which is not conducive to the accurate evaluation of the source rock characteristics. Based on logging data of 51 wells and geochemical data of 16 wells, this paper makes detailed evaluations of the organic matter abundance, type, maturity, and distribution characteristics of source rocks of the subsalt Picarras Formation and Itapema Formation in the Santos Basin. The results show that the characteristics of source rocks of the Itapema and Picarras formations are similar, both of which have a high abundance of organic matter. The types of organic matter are mainly type I and II 1 , and the maturities are in the low-maturity to the high-maturity stage, which meets the standard of good source rocks. The total organic carbon content of the source rocks of the Picarras Formation ranges from 0.4 to 4.0%, much lower than that of the source rocks of the Itapema Formation, 0.8–5.6%. In addition, the hydrogen index average value of the source rocks of the Itapema Formation is 712.8 mg/g TOC, higher than that of the Picarras Formation, 697.5 mg/g TOC, both revealing a great hydrocarbon potential. The quality of source rocks of the Itapema Formation is better than that of the Picarras Formation. The two sets of source rocks have great hydrocarbon generation potential and are mainly developed in the eastern and western sags of the central depression. Therefore, the surrounding uplift areas will be the target for further oil and gas exploration.

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“…. Studies have increasingly shown that high-quality source rocks are often associated with salt-gypsum rocks (Powell, 1986;Zhu et al, 2003;Wang et al, 2015;Meng et al, 2017;Wang et al, 2021;Zhu et al, 2021). Due to the seasonal or temporary inflow of water and other impacts, saline lakes are often temporary or intermittent (Matter and Tucker, 1978), which results in an alternation of saline lakes and lagoons and leads to the symbiotic system of evaporite and source rock deposition (Zhu et al, 2004a).…”

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confidence: 99%

Hydrocarbon Generation Characteristics of Source Rocks from Different Saline Environments in the Dongpu Depression, Bohai Bay Basin, China

Zhang

Jiang

et al. 2021

Acta Geologica Sinica (Eng)

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The Dongpu Depression is a secondary salt‐bearing tectonic unit in the Bohai Bay Basin, eastern China. The depositional environment of this depression regarding its Paleogene strata is clearly different in plane, including the saltwater environment (SE) in the north, the freshwater environment (FE) in the south and the brackish water environment (BE) in the middle. The result of oil and gas exploration in the Dongpu Depression shows that more than 90% of the proven oil reserves are distributed in the northern saltwater environment. Previous studies indicate that the organic geochemistry characteristics and the hydrocarbon generation capacity of the source rocks are very clearly diverse under different environments, which results in the significant differences in the proved reserves between the north and the south. In order to further explore the differences in the hydrocarbon generation capacity of the source rocks under distinct depositional environments and the mechanism of their occurrence, three samples from different depositional environments (W18‐5 for SE, H7‐18 for BE, CH9 for FE) were used for confined gold tube pyrolysis experiments. The results show that the CH4 yields of W18‐5, H7‐18 and CH9 increase with increasing temperature, the maximum yields being 405.62 mg/g TOC, 388.56 mg/g TOC and 367.89 mg/g TOC, respectively. The liquid hydrocarbon yields of W18‐5, H7‐18 and CH9 firstly increase with increasing temperature and then decrease after the critical temperatures. The maximum yields of C6–14 are 149.54 mg/g TOC, 140.18 mg/g TOC and 116.94 mg/g TOC, the maximum yields of C14+ being 852.4 mg/g TOC, 652.6 mg/g TOC and 596.41mg/g TOC, respectively for W18‐5, H7‐18 and CH9. To summarize, the order of hydrocarbon potential from high to low is W18‐5, H7‐18 and CH9. On this basis, through analyzing the influencing factors of hydrocarbon differences, this paper reveals that the saltwater environment is characterized by 4 factors: higher salinity, halophilic algae, high paleo‐productivity and a strongly reducing environment, which are beneficial to the enrichment of organic matter and lead to the formation of high levels of sapropelite and exinite. According to the variation of oil and gas components in the pyrolysis experiments, the hydrocarbon generation process is divided into three stages: kerogen cracking, oil cracking and C2–5 cracking. Combined with hydrocarbon generation characteristics and stages, the evolutionary model of hydrocarbon generation for source rocks under different environments is established.

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Identification of effective source rocks in different sedimentary environments and evaluation of hydrocarbon resources potential: A case study of paleogene source rocks in the Dongpu Depression, Bohai Bay Basin

Cited by 20 publications

References 52 publications

Influence of the Late Ordovician‐Early Silurian Paleoenvironment and Related Geological Processes on the Organic Matter Accumulation and Carbon Isotope Excursion

Influence of the Late Ordovician‐Early Silurian Paleoenvironment and Related Geological Processes on the Organic Matter Accumulation and Carbon Isotope Excursion

Geochemical Characteristics and Distribution of the Subsalt Source Rocks in the Santos Basin, Brazil

Hydrocarbon Generation Characteristics of Source Rocks from Different Saline Environments in the Dongpu Depression, Bohai Bay Basin, China

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