Identification of Differentially Expressed Genes in Different Types of Broiler Skeletal Muscle Fibers Using the RNA-seq Technique

Abstract

<jats:p>The difference in muscle fiber types is very important to the muscle development and meat quality of broilers. At present, the molecular regulation mechanisms of skeletal muscle fiber-type transformation in broilers are still unclear. In this study, differentially expressed genes between breast and leg muscles in broilers were analyzed using RNA-seq. A total of 767 DEGs were identified. Compared with leg muscle, there were 429 upregulated genes and 338 downregulated genes in breast muscle. Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment indicated that these DEGs were mainly involved in cellular processes, single organism processes, cells, and cellular components, as well as binding and catalytic activity. KEGG analysis shows that a total of 230 DEGs were mapped to 126 KEGG pathways and significantly enriched in the four pathways of glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, starch and sucrose metabolism, insulin signalling pathways, and the biosynthesis of amino acids. Quantitative real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to verify the differential expression of 7 selected DEGs, and the results were consistent with RNA-seq data. In addition, the expression profile of <jats:italic>MyHC</jats:italic> isoforms in chicken skeletal muscle cells showed that with the extension of differentiation time, the expression of fast fiber subunits (types IIA and IIB) gradually increased, while slow muscle fiber subunits (type I) showed a downward trend after 4 days of differentiation. The differential genes screened in this study will provide some new ideas for further understanding the molecular mechanism of skeletal muscle fiber transformation in broilers.</jats:p>

LncRNA-SUSAJ1 Activates the ER Stress Pathway Inhibiting JEV Proliferation by Promoting PK15 Cells Apoptosis

“…The expression levels of PERK, IRE1 and ATF6 pathway-related proteins were detected by Western blotting. Notably, lncRNA-SUSAJ1 positively regulated the ER stress response, promoted the expression of IRE1, and promoted the phosphorylation of eIF2α, an important marker of PERK pathway activation [48]; however, it did not affect the ATF6 pathway. NF-κB is a protein complex that controls the transcription of various genes and participates in cellular responses to stress, free radicals, ROS, and cytokines; it also inhibits apoptosis [43].…”

Effects of in ovo feeding of methionine and/or disaccharide on post-hatching breast development, glycogen reserves, nutrients absorption parameters, and jejunum antioxidant indices in geese

“…An investigation of the development situation of other muscle parts is needed. As described by Wang et al (39), the muscle growth-related genes have different expression schedules in different tissues (legs and breast muscle). In brief, we concluded that in ovo delivery of DS or Met positively affects the development of breast muscle by regulating the expression of breast muscle growth-related genes during the early-life posthatching of goslings.…”

Phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase positively regulates the proliferation of chicken muscle cells

“…Chicken skeletal muscle satellite cells were those used in our prior studies ( Wang et al., 2020 ). After sterilizing 10-day-old breeding eggs with alcohol, they were placed on an egg tray, gently broken, and the shell was removed using tweezers.…”