“…e 31a , e 31s ) is chosen to be À9.9 C/m 2 . The density for the host beam, PZT sensor or actuator and adhesive layers are selected to be 1521.4, 7800 and 1600 kg/m 3 , respectively [14,16,17]. The stiffness of the gridding electrode is neglected owing to their small size relative to those for the laminated beam, PZT sensor and actuators.…”