Identification of culturable stream water bacteria from urban, agricultural, and forested watersheds using 16S rRNA gene sequencing

Abstract

from three streams, were cultured on Coliscan w Easygel w agar plates. Colonies representative of a variety of colors and morphologies were subjected to amplification and sequencing of a 1000-1100 nt portion of the 16S rRNA gene. A total of 528 colonies were sequenced; these categorized into 26 genera and 78 species. Of 175 dark blue/purple colonies presumed to be E. coli, sequence analysis indicated that 45 (25%) were actually other genera. For the urban stream Gwynns FallsGwynns Run, E. coli was the most common genus/species encountered, followed by Klebsiella and Aeromonas. For Pond Branch, a stream located in a forested watershed, it was Serratia, followed by Yersinia and Aeromonas. For McDonogh (MCDN), a stream associated with Zea mays (corn) row crop agriculture, E. coli was the most frequently isolated genus/species, followed by Aeromonas and Enterobacter. ERIC-PCR genotyping of isolates from the most prevalent genera/species, indicated a high degree of diversity within-stream for E. coli and K. pneumoniae.Conversely, genotyping of Y. enterocolitica isolates indicated that some were shared between different streams.

Biochemical characterization and identification of bacterial strains isolated from drinking water sources of Kohat, Pakistan

“…Pseudomonas sp, Bacillus sp, Acinetobacter sp, and Aeromonas sp exhibit adaptations to environments with low nutrient concentration (Thereza et al, 2002). Aeromonas is widespread in aquatic environment and its presence in our water samples was not surprising (Belt et al, 2007). Bacillus sp have also been isolated previously from drinking water systems (Lee et al, 2009;Zhang et al, 2006).…”

Phosphorus Retention in Stormwater Control Structures across Streamflow in Urban and Suburban Watersheds

“…The stream restoration project repaired leaking infrastructure, removed 0.5 km of concrete channel liner, created a series of step pools, and planted trees and shrubs for bank stabilization [32]. Gwynns Run (GFGR) is a highly urbanized stream with a drainage area of 557 ha and the stream has been heavily impacted by sewage leaks (Table 1) [33]. GFGR watershed is highly urbanized (68.1% residential and 16.2% commercial) [34] with an impervious surface coverage of 61.2% [25].…”

“…The purpose of the lowland oxbow SCMs was to reduce downstream transport of suspended solids, metals, oil, grease, N, and P. The lowland oxbow SCMs were completed in 2004 and consisted of a reinforced concrete flow diverter, forebay (an artificial pool of water in front of a larger body of water), oxbow wetland (SCM 1), and wet pond (SCM 2; Figure 1). The SCMs were designed to treat 40% of flow during 1.4-3.2 cm rain events (capacity of Gwynns Run (GFGR) is a highly urbanized stream with a drainage area of 557 ha and the stream has been heavily impacted by sewage leaks (Table 1) [33]. GFGR watershed is highly urbanized (68.1% residential and 16.2% commercial) [34] with an impervious surface coverage of 61.2% [25].…”

Urban Evolution: The Role of Water

“…One example of urban biotic succession is the development of "climax" communities of macrophytes in stormwater management ponds, which often develop into wetlands over time. Another example of urban biotic succession is the change in microbial community composition that occurs over time in response to biological adaptation to nutrient inputs and contaminants in urban streams [75,76]. For example, microbial communities in urban streams can become better fitted to survival in their environment by developing resistance to antimicrobial compounds and contaminants through both urban adaptation and urban biotic succession [76,77].…”