“…However, estimation of the thermal conductivity in most engineering application remains challenging due to factors that influence the material properties of solids. In particular, the estimation of thermal properties of composite materials is an ill-posed inverse heat conduction problem (IHCP) and presents difficulties because it is intrinsically unstable and thus very sensitive to the inaccuracy of input data (Baralić et al , 2019; Cao et al , 2019; Özişik, 1993; Mahmood and Lesnic, 2019). Contrary to IHCP, transient heat conduction problems used for the determination of temperature distribution are well-posed and treated numerically by a number of integration methods such as finite difference method (FDM), the finite element method (FEM), the boundary element method (BEM) and most recently, collocation pseudospectral methods (CPM) (Bazán et al , 2017; Ismailov et al , 2018; Cao et al , 2019; Mahmood and Lesnic, 2019; Mohebbi and Sellier, 2016; Pasdunkorale and Turner, 2003; Boos et al , 2020; Telejko and Malinowski, 2004).…”