Identification of changes in the rainfall regime in Chihuahua's state (México)

Abstract

The impacts of Climate Change are not homogeneous globally or for a country or region as a whole. Consequently, it is essential to carry out studies to identify its effects in particular areas. Due to its geographical and topographic characteristics, Chihuahua's state is vulnerable to the adverse effects of Climate Change. The scarce availability of water resources leads to problems of social pressure and economic impact. This paper analyzes the alteration of the rainfall regime in Chihuahua's state and its association with Climate Change. For this, historical characterization is used; trend analysis using the Mann Kendall test; and calculation of 10 indices of climatic extremes proposed by the Group of Experts for Detection and Climate Change Indices for the precipitation variable. The results showed that the precipitation patterns in the south and southeast of Chihuahua's state have been gradually modifying, with a downward trend in annual accumulated and reduction of wet days. Still, in counterpart, there is a slight intensification of extreme rainfall. This fact added to the growing demand for water resources in the entity, requests for public policies for sustainable management and responsible use by users. Otherwise, there is a risk of experiencing negative effects associated with the over-exploitation of water, not only for the resource users but also for the environment.

Long‐term trend analysis in annual, seasonal and monthly rainfall in East Northeast of Brazil and the influence of modes of climate variability

“…The MK or MMK tests (in case of nonhomogeneous, nonrandom and nonindependent series) were able to identify trends and the Pettitt test to indicate the breaking point in the time series, as done in Himalaya (Shrestha et al, 2018), Togo (Gadedjisso‐Tossou et al, 2021), Mexico (Mendoza‐Uribe, 2022), Hungary (Kocsis et al, 2020) and Australia (Yildirim & Rahman, 2022). In the State of Alagoas, it was possible to detect patterns of changes in monthly rainfall, in which in the wettest months (from May to September) there were trends of reduction of monthly totals in the central region of the State, corresponding to clusters C2 and C3 (region with intermediate rainfall totals in the state—transition from the wettest region to the arid region).…”

Assessment of Land Degradation and Droughts in an Arid Area Using Drought Indices, Modified Soil-Adjusted Vegetation Index and Landsat Remote Sensing Data

“…Because of the increased intensity and frequency of severe events such as droughts, heatwaves, sandstorms, forest fires, and floods, scientists are now focusing on the effects of climate change (e.g., Corwin, 2021;Malhi et al, 2021;Niñerola et al, 2020;Camarasa-Belmonte, 2021;Rodrigo-Comino et al, 2022;Eekhout et al, 2021). Droughts are one of the most complicated extreme climatic situations, affecting more people than any other hazard or natural disaster (Wilhite, 2000;Oliveira-Santos et al, 2022;Mendoza-Uribe, 2022). The impacts of droughts have generally been referred to as direct impacts, such as reducing vegetation cover and decreasing soil and vegetation water content (Van Leeuwen et al, 2019;Valdes-Abellan et al, 2020;Palacios-Cabrera et al, 2022;Silva et al, 2022).…”