Identification of autophagy-related genes as potential biomarkers for type 1 diabetes mellitus

Yang, Bin; Gan, Mei-She; Lin, Zheng‐Zhe; Wang, Zi-Fan

doi:10.21037/atm-22-1812

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 42 publications

(40 reference statements)

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“…Autophagy is a form of autophagic cell death that recycles and recirculates nutrients by degrading damaged intracellular cytoplasm, organelles and protein aggregates and invading pathogens through the lysosomal pathway. 11 , 14 Moderate autophagy can help maintain the number and the normal morphological structure of islet β-cells in the body with normal function. 15 Autophagy can also delay apoptosis of pancreatic β-cells, while it can further protect pancreatic β-cells by adaptively reducing endoplasmic reticulum stress and then enhancing the survival of pancreatic β-cells.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…9,10 Furthermore, T1DM has been confirmed that it is related to various molecular mechanisms, including autophagy, oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis of pancreatic β-cells. [11][12][13] Yet, though significant advances have been made since the past several decades, the potential therapeutic strategies and the exact molecular mechanisms of T1DM remain to be elucidated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ginsenoside Rg1 Ameliorates Pancreatic Injuries via the AMPK/mTOR Pathway in vivo and in vitro

Chen¹,

Zhu²,

Xiao³

et al. 2023

DMSO

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Background The main propanaxatriol-type saponin found in ginseng (Panax ginseng C. A. Mey), ginsenoside Rg1 (G-Rg1), has bioactivities that include anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-diabetic properties. This study aimed to investigate the effects of G-Rg1 on streptozotocin (STZ)-induced Type 1 Diabetes mellitus (T1DM) mice and the insulin-secreting cell line in RIN-m5F cells with high-glucose (HG) treatment. Methods The STZ-induced DM mice model was treated with G-Rg1 alone or combined with 3-Methyladenine (3-MA, an autophagy inhibitor)/rapamycin (RAPA, an autophagy activator) for 8 weeks, and levels of glucose and lipid metabolism, histopathological changes, as well as autophagy and apoptosis of relevant markers were estimated. In vitro, the HG-induced RIN-m5F cells were treated with G-Rg1, 3-MA, and Compound C (CC), an AMPK inhibitor, or their combinations to estimate the influences on cell apoptosis, autophagy, and AMPK/mTOR pathway-associated target gene levels. Results G-Rg1 treatment attenuated glucose and lipid metabolism disorder and pancreatic fibrosis in diabetic mice. In addition, subdued autophagy and p-AMPK protein expression, and enhanced p-mTOR protein expression and apoptosis levels in TIDM mice and HG-induced RIN-m5F cells were ameliorated by G-Rg1 treatment. Furthermore, these anti-apoptosis effects of G-Rg1 were partially abolished by 3-MA and CC. Conclusion Our findings revealed that G-Rg1 exhibits strong anti-apoptosis ability in pancreatic tissues of type 1 diabetic mice and HG-induced RIN-m5F cells, and the mechanisms involved in activating AMPK and inhibiting mTOR-mediated autophagy, indicating that G-Rg1 may have the therapeutic and preventive potential for treating pancreatic injury in diabetic patients.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ginsenoside Rg1 Ameliorates Pancreatic Injuries via the AMPK/mTOR Pathway in vivo and in vitro

Chen¹,

Zhu²,

Xiao³

et al. 2023

DMSO

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Shedding new light on the role of ERAP1 in Type 1 diabetes: A perspective on disease management

Paldino

Fierabracci

2023

Autoimmunity Reviews

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Identification of autophagy-related genes as potential biomarkers for type 1 diabetes mellitus

Abstract: Contributions: (I) Conception and design: ZF Wang; (II) Administrative support: ZF Wang; (III) Provision of study materials or patients: B Yang; (IV)

Cited by 2 publications

References 42 publications

Ginsenoside Rg1 Ameliorates Pancreatic Injuries via the AMPK/mTOR Pathway in vivo and in vitro

Ginsenoside Rg1 Ameliorates Pancreatic Injuries via the AMPK/mTOR Pathway in vivo and in vitro

Shedding new light on the role of ERAP1 in Type 1 diabetes: A perspective on disease management

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