Identification of Archaea-specific chemotaxis proteins which interact with the flagellar apparatus

Schlesner, Matthias; Miller, A. Dusty; Streif, Stefan; Staudinger, Wilfried Franz; Müller, Judith; Scheffer, Beatrix; Siedler, Frank; Oesterhelt, Dieter

doi:10.1186/1471-2180-9-56

Cited by 78 publications

(99 citation statements)

References 77 publications

(108 reference statements)

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“…Moreover, with the exception of the gene encoding the SPase III, these genes are clustered with genes that encode proteins involved in chemotaxis, reminiscent of the organization of a similar fla-che cluster of genes in Halobacterium salinarum sp. R1 (48) (Fig. 1A).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Moreover, preflagellins appear not to be incorporated into surface filaments, resulting in a minor subset of unprocessed membrane-associated FlgA2. Using FlaFind, a program that identifies genes that are likely to encode archaeal type IV pilin-like proteins, in silico analyses of the H. volcanii genome have identified genes that encode proteins resembling type IV pilins (25,47,48). To determine whether PibD could process nonflagellin subunits, we overexpressed two of the H. volcanii FlaFind positives (Hvo_A0632 or Hvo_02451) fused to a C-terminal His tag in H. volcanii H98 as well as MT3.…”

Section: Vol 192 2010mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Haloferax volcanii Flagella Are Required for Motility but Are Not Involved in PibD-Dependent Surface Adhesion

2010

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Although the genome of Haloferax volcanii contains genes (flgA1-flgA2) that encode flagellins and others that encode proteins involved in flagellar assembly, previous reports have concluded that H. volcanii is nonmotile. Contrary to these reports, we have now identified conditions under which H. volcanii is motile. Moreover, we have determined that an H. volcanii deletion mutant lacking flagellin genes is not motile. However, unlike flagella characterized in other prokaryotes, including other archaea, the H. volcanii flagella do not appear to play a significant role in surface adhesion. While flagella often play similar functional roles in bacteria and archaea, the processes involved in the biosynthesis of archaeal flagella do not resemble those involved in assembling bacterial flagella but, instead, are similar to those involved in producing bacterial type IV pili. Consistent with this observation, we have determined that, in addition to disrupting preflagellin processing, deleting pibD, which encodes the preflagellin peptidase, prevents the maturation of other H. volcanii type IV pilin-like proteins. Moreover, in addition to abolishing swimming motility, and unlike the flgA1-flgA2 deletion, deleting pibD eliminates the ability of H. volcanii to adhere to a glass surface, indicating that a nonflagellar type IV pilus-like structure plays a critical role in H. volcanii surface adhesion.To escape toxic conditions or to acquire new sources of nutrients, prokaryotes often depend on some form of motility. Swimming motility, a common means by which many bacteria move from one place to another, usually depends on flagellar rotation to propel cells through liquid medium (24,26,34). These motility structures are also critical for the effective attachment of bacteria to surfaces.As in bacteria, rotating flagella are responsible for swimming motility in archaea, and recent studies suggest that archaea, like bacteria, also require flagella for efficient surface attachment (37, 58). However, in contrast to bacterial flagellar subunits, which are translocated via a specialized type III secretion apparatus, archaeal flagellin secretion and flagellum assembly resemble the processes used to translocate and assemble the subunits of bacterial type IV pili (34,38,54).

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Vol 192 2010mentioning

confidence: 99%

Haloferax volcanii Flagella Are Required for Motility but Are Not Involved in PibD-Dependent Surface Adhesion

2010

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“…Thus, it is not surprising to find these genes in cyanobacteria. However, HEAT repeat proteins can mediate protein-protein interactions (36), bind iron (37), stabilize [Fe-S] clusters (38,39), and interact with chemotaxis proteins (40). In addition to cyanobacteria, che7 loci were found in Gemmata obscuriglobus, Opitutus terrae, and Anaerolinea thermophila.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemosensory Regulation of a HEAT-Repeat Protein Couples Aggregation and Sporulation in Myxococcus xanthus

et al. 2014

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cChemosensory systems are complex, highly modified two-component systems (TCS) used by bacteria to control various biological functions ranging from motility to sporulation. Chemosensory systems and TCS both modulate phosphorelays comprised of histidine kinases and response regulators, some of which are single-domain response regulators (SD-RRs) such as CheY. In this study, we have identified and characterized the Che7 chemosensory system of Myxococcus xanthus, a common soil bacterium which displays multicellular development in response to stress. Both genetic and biochemical analyses indicate that the Che7 system regulates development via a direct interaction between the SD-RR CheY7 and a HEAT repeat domain-containing protein, Cpc7. Phosphorylation of the SD-RR affects the interaction with its target, and residues within the ␣4-␤5-␣5 fold of the REC domain govern this interaction. The identification of the Cpc7 interaction with CheY7 extends the diversity of known targets for SD-RRs in biological systems.

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“…litchfieldiae bacteriorhodopsin and multiple methyl-accepting chemotaxis proteins (MCPs) were detected, including MCPs indicative of chemo-, photo-, and aerotaxis (see text and Table S7 in the supplemental material). Also detected were CheW, CheY, and a PBS lyase HEAT-like repeat protein that functions in Halobacterium salinarum to link the taxis signal transduction system to the archaellar apparatus and is essential for chemotaxis and phototaxis (46). Hht.…”

Section: Figmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecophysiological Distinctions of Haloarchaea from a Hypersaline Antarctic Lake as Determined by Metaproteomics

Tschitschko

Williams

Allen

et al. 2016

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Deep Lake in the Vestfold Hills is hypersaline and the coldest system in Antarctica known to support microbial growth (temperatures as low as ؊20°C). It represents a strong experimental model because the lake supports a low-complexity community of haloarchaea, with the three most abundant species totaling ϳ72%. Moreover, the dominant haloarchaea are cultivatable, and their genomes are sequenced. Here we use metaproteomics linked to metagenome data and the genome sequences of the isolates to characterize the main pathways, trophic strategies, and interactions associated with resource utilization. The dominance of the most abundant member, Halohasta litchfieldiae, appears to be predicated on competitive utilization of substrates (e.g., starch, glycerol, and dihydroxyacetone) produced by Dunaliella, the lake's primary producer, while also possessing diverse mechanisms for acquiring nitrogen and phosphorus. The second most abundant member, strain DL31, is proficient in degrading complex proteinaceous matter. Hht. litchfieldiae and DL31 are inferred to release labile substrates that are utilized by Halorubrum lacusprofundi, the third most abundant haloarchaeon in Deep Lake. The study also linked genome variation to specific protein variants or distinct genetic capacities, thereby identifying strain-level variation indicative of specialization. Overall, metaproteomics revealed that rather than functional differences occurring at different lake depths or through size partitioning, the main lake genera possess major trophic distinctions, and phylotypes (e.g., strains of Hht. litchfieldiae) exhibit a more subtle level of specialization. This study highlights the extent to which the lake supports a relatively uniform distribution of taxa that collectively possess the genetic capacity to effectively exploit available nutrients throughout the lake. IMPORTANCELife on Earth has evolved to colonize a broad range of temperatures, but most of the biosphere (ϳ85%) exists at low temperatures (<5°C). By performing unique roles in biogeochemical cycles, environmental microorganisms perform functions that are critical for the rest of life on Earth to survive. Cold environments therefore make a particularly important contribution to maintaining healthy, stable ecosystems. Here we describe the main physiological traits of the dominant microorganisms that inhabit Deep Lake in Antarctica, the coldest aquatic environment known to support life. The hypersaline system enables the growth of halophilic members of the Archaea: haloarchaea. By analyzing proteins of samples collected from the water column, we determined the functions that the haloarchaea were likely to perform. This study showed that the dominant haloarchaea possessed distinct lifestyles yet formed a uniform community throughout the lake that was collectively adept at using available light energy and diverse organic substrates for growth.

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Identification of Archaea-specific chemotaxis proteins which interact with the flagellar apparatus

Cited by 78 publications

References 77 publications

Haloferax volcanii Flagella Are Required for Motility but Are Not Involved in PibD-Dependent Surface Adhesion

Haloferax volcanii Flagella Are Required for Motility but Are Not Involved in PibD-Dependent Surface Adhesion

Chemosensory Regulation of a HEAT-Repeat Protein Couples Aggregation and Sporulation in Myxococcus xanthus

Ecophysiological Distinctions of Haloarchaea from a Hypersaline Antarctic Lake as Determined by Metaproteomics

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