Chemosensory Regulation of a HEAT-Repeat Protein Couples Aggregation and Sporulation in Myxococcus xanthus

Darnell, Cynthia L.; Wilson, Janet M.; Tiwari, Nitija; Fuentes, Ernesto J.; Kirby, John R.

doi:10.1128/jb.01866-14

Cited by 9 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…Mcp7 activity, specifically the phosphorylation of CheY encoded in the che7 locus (CheY7), negatively regulates sporulation. Phosphorylated CheY7 physically interacts with Cpc7, and this complex negatively regulates sporulation until cell aggregation is complete (73). These two soluble chemoreceptors provide an important reminder that not all chemosensory modules are strictly involved in motility and may instead provide a connection between sensing environmental signals and developmentally controlled behaviors or processes.…”

Section: Cytoplasmic Chemoreceptors With Dynamic Cytoplasmic Localizamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It possesses two soluble chemoreceptors, FrzCD and Mcp7 (Table 2). FrzCD controls vegetative swarming and starvation-induced aggregation prior to fruiting body formation (8), while Mcp7 regulates coupling between aggregation and sporulation (73). FrzCD shows a dynamic localization that appears to be sensitive to cell-cell contacts and is organized in helical filaments spanning the length of the cell (Table 2 and Fig.…”

Section: Cytoplasmic Chemoreceptors With Dynamic Cytoplasmic Localizamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Internal Sense of Direction: Sensing and Signaling from Cytoplasmic Chemoreceptors

Collins

Lacal

Ottemann

2014

Microbiol Mol Biol Rev

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SUMMARY Chemoreceptors sense environmental signals and drive chemotactic responses in Bacteria and Archaea . There are two main classes of chemoreceptors: integral inner membrane and soluble cytoplasmic proteins. The latter were identified more recently than integral membrane chemoreceptors and have been studied much less thoroughly. These cytoplasmic chemoreceptors are the subject of this review. Our analysis determined that 14% of bacterial and 43% of archaeal chemoreceptors are cytoplasmic, based on currently sequenced genomes. Cytoplasmic chemoreceptors appear to share the same key structural features as integral membrane chemoreceptors, including the formations of homodimers, trimers of dimers, and 12-nm hexagonal arrays within the cell. Cytoplasmic chemoreceptors exhibit varied subcellular locations, with some localizing to the poles and others appearing both cytoplasmic and polar. Some cytoplasmic chemoreceptors adopt more exotic locations, including the formations of exclusively internal clusters or moving dynamic clusters that coalesce at points of contact with other cells. Cytoplasmic chemoreceptors presumably sense signals within the cytoplasm and bear diverse signal input domains that are mostly N terminal to the domain that defines chemoreceptors, the so-called MA domain. Similar to the case for transmembrane receptors, our analysis suggests that the most common signal input domain is the PAS (Per-Arnt-Sim) domain, but a variety of other N-terminal domains exist. It is also common, however, for cytoplasmic chemoreceptors to have C-terminal domains that may function for signal input. The most common of these is the recently identified chemoreceptor zinc binding (CZB) domain, found in 8% of all cytoplasmic chemoreceptors. The widespread nature and diverse signal input domains suggest that these chemoreceptors can monitor a variety of cytoplasmically based signals, most of which remain to be determined.

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Section: Cytoplasmic Chemoreceptors With Dynamic Cytoplasmic Localizamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Cytoplasmic Chemoreceptors With Dynamic Cytoplasmic Localizamentioning

confidence: 99%

Internal Sense of Direction: Sensing and Signaling from Cytoplasmic Chemoreceptors

Collins

Lacal

Ottemann

2014

Microbiol Mol Biol Rev

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“…involved in regulation of reversal frequency (33)(34)(35), Che2, which is involved in regulation of EPS production (36,37), Che3 in transcriptional regulation (26,31), and Che7 in the regulation of M. xanthus development (32). In M. xanthus, many TCS proteins are essential for motility and fruiting body formation (3,11,38).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Along with a large repertoire of TCS proteins and CSS, the M. xanthus DK1622 genome encodes 21 MCPs, which have been suggested to pass the environmental signal to multiple CSS modules (25). These modules work in a collaborative way to regulate complex behaviors such as swarm motility, biofilm formation, and various other alternative cellular functions (13,25,27,32). Thus, to gain a comprehensive understanding of the number, types, and roles of the CSS in myxobacteria, we have performed a comparative analysis of CSS in all available complete and draft genomes of myxobacteria.…”

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confidence: 99%

Comparative Genomics of Myxobacterial Chemosensory Systems

2018

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Chemosensory systems (CSS) are among the most complex organizations of proteins functioning cooperatively to regulate bacterial motility and other cellular activities. These systems have been studied extensively in bacteria, and usually, they are present as a single system. Eight CSS, the highest number in bacteria, have been reported in DK1622 and are involved in coordinating diverse functions. Here, we have explored and compared the CSS in all available genomes of order members contain 97 to 476 two-component system (TCS) proteins, which assist the bacteria in surviving and adapting to varying environmental conditions. The number of myxobacterial CSS ranges between 1 and 12, with the largest number in family and the smallest in CheA protein was used as a phylogenetic marker to infer evolutionary relatedness between different CSS, and six novel CSS ("extra CSS" [ECSS]) were thus identified in the myxobacteria besides the previously reported Che1 to Che8 systems from Che1 to Che8 systems are monophyletic to deltaproteobacteria, whereas the newly identified ECSS form separate clades with different bacterial classes. The comparative modular organization was concordant with the phylogeny. Four clusters lacking CheA proteins were also identified via CheB-based phylogenetic analysis and were categorized as accessory CSS (ACSS). In, an orphan CSS was identified, in which both CheA and CheB were absent. The novel, accessory, and orphan multimodular CSS identified here suggest the emergence of myxobacterial CSS and could assist in further characterizing their roles. This study is focused on chemosensory systems (CSS), which help the bacterium in directing its movement toward or away from chemical gradients. CSS are present as a single system in most of the bacteria except in some groups, including , which has 8 CSS, the highest number reported to date. This is the first comprehensive study carrying out a comparative analysis of the 22 available myxobacterial genomes, which suggests the evolutionary diversity of these systems. We are interested in understanding the distribution of CSS within all known myxobacteria and their probable evolution.

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“…They are most abundant in the myxobacteria Cock 2007, 2008;Darnell et al 2014). A typical TCS consists of a histidine protein kinase and a response regulator protein.…”

Section: Signal Transductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current trends in myxobacteria research

et al. 2015

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Myxobacteria are fascinating Gram-negative bacteria whose life cycle includes the formation of multicellular fruiting bodies that contain about 100,000 cells differentiated as asexual spores for their long-term survival. They move by gliding on surfaces, an activity that helps them carry out their primitive kind of multicellular development. Myxobacteria have multiple traits that are clearly social in nature; they move and feed socially. These processes require specific intercellular signals, thereby exhibiting a sophisticated level of the interorganismal communication. Myxobacteria are predators. Predation is social not only with respect to searching for prey (motility) but also in the killing of prey. Swarming groups of cells secrete antibiotics and bacteriolytic compounds that kill and lyse their prey, and food is thereby released. Since the last three decades, myxobacteria are known as valuable producers of secondary metabolites exhibiting various biological activities. Myxobacterial metabolites exhibit many unique structural features as well as rare or novel modes of action, making them attractive lead structures for drug development. Both genome sequencing and metabolic profiling of myxobacterial strains suggest that the diversity of myxobacterial secondary metabolism is far greater than previously appreciated. The present review discusses the structure, cytology, physiology, and ecology of myxobacteria, as well as their secondary metabolite production and social interactions.

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Chemosensory Regulation of a HEAT-Repeat Protein Couples Aggregation and Sporulation in Myxococcus xanthus

Cited by 9 publications

References 53 publications

Internal Sense of Direction: Sensing and Signaling from Cytoplasmic Chemoreceptors

Internal Sense of Direction: Sensing and Signaling from Cytoplasmic Chemoreceptors

Comparative Genomics of Myxobacterial Chemosensory Systems

Current trends in myxobacteria research

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