Identification of Antigenic Determinants, Solvent Accessibility and MHC Binders of Antigen NADH Dehydrogenase Subunit 5 from a Little Dragon from Medina (Dracunculusmedinensis)

Abstract

Dracunculiasis caused by the pathogen Dracunculus medinensis (a little dragon from Medina). The Cyclops is the intermediate host that ingests the larvae of parasite (D. medinensis), that later on ingested by the human from the contaminated stagnant unfiltered water from the water source. After an incubation period of a year these mature female worm comes towards the skin and start formation of a small round bulge on the skin by secreting an irritating chemical which causes severe pain. In this study we will summarize the potency of NADH dehydrogenase subunit 5 (mitochondrion) from Dracunculus medinensis with 527 amino acids. Antigenic peptide of NADHdehydrogenasesubunit5 protein is most suitable for subunit vaccine development because with single epitope, the immune response can be generated in large population. In this research, we used PSSM and SVM algorithms for the prediction of MHC class I and II binding peptide, antigenicity, Solvent accessibility, polar and nonpolar residue to analyse the regions that are likely exposed on the surface of proteins which are potentially antigenic that allows potential drug targets to identify active sites against infection as well as to design effective drug to treat it.

The Detection of Bovine Estrus by Lactoferrin Monoclonal Antibody

“…We found that the LF of other species could also be recognized by this anti-bLF monoclonal antibody, because we used conserved regions, and seven amino acids (XXQXKFGKXXXXXFQ), as antigens. Glutamine Q (3,15), lysine K (5, 8), Phenylalanine F (6,14), Glycine G (7) might represent the potential epitope recognized by our lactoferrin monoclonal antibody (Figure 5). However, further studies are needed to confirm this hypothesis.…”

“…The amino acid sequence of Bos taurus lactoferrin containing 708 amino acids (NP_851341.1) was obtained from the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI). bLF antigen regions were carefully predicted based on antigenicity and hydrophobicity of the whole amino acid sequence using the online software ProtScale at https://web.expasy.org/protscale/ (accessed on 18 May 2017) (ExPASy, Switzerland) [13][14][15]. A 16-mer peptide of KAQEKFGKNKSRSFQ from bovine lactoferrin corresponding to amino acids 292-306 was selected as the immunogen.…”