Identification of active chemical compounds and potential antibacterial snail mucus (Achatina fulica) on bacteria Enterococcus foecalis causes of periodontitis

Abstract

Background: A chemical compound is a chemical compound present in a natural source that gives it the special properties and characteristics of the plant or animal source. Snail slime is one of the traditional medicines from animals that is used by the community as a traditional medicine for healing minor wounds and toothaches. The aim of this study was to identify the active chemical compounds and antibacterial potential of snail mucus against the bacteria E. foecalis that causes periodontitis. Method: True experiment laboratory research method which is carried out by laboratory analysis of snail mucus to obtain chemical elements, the content of compounds contained in a test sample. The content of active compounds based on the Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GCMS) test. Results: The average content of heparan sulfate with four repetitions was 16.45 mg/100g, Acharan sulfate 21.33 mg/100g, protein achasin 102.22 mg/100g, Glycoconyugat 88.6 mg/100g, Ion Ca2+ 86.2 mg/100g, Beta agglutinins 85.22 mg/100g. Toxicity test was carried out with four repetitions with concentrations of 100%, 50%, 25%, and 12.5%. And the lowest results of the toxicity test were at a concentration of 100% with a value of 0.171, while at a concentration of 50% 0.302, 25% 0.453, and 12.5% 0.768, for bacteria E. Foecalis with an inhibitory power of 23.15 mm, the category was very strong. Conclusion: The active chemical content in snail mucus is Acharan sulfate, achasin protein, Glycoconyugat, Ca2+ ion, Beta agglutinin, and the antibacterial potential of snail mucus against E. foecalis bacteria is very strong.

Gastropod Mucus: Interdisciplinary Perspectives on Biological Activities, Applications, and Strategic Priorities

“…The cysteine-rich antimicrobial peptide Mytimacin-AF isolated from A. fulica mucus showed potent antimicrobial activity against a wide range of bacteria (with the strongest antimicrobial activity against S. aureus ) and the fungus Candida albicans . Further chemical analyses identified antimicrobial metabolites, including glycosaminoglycans, achasin, acharan sulfate, and beta-agglutinin, exhibiting potent antibacterial effects against Enterococcus foecalis , one of the bacteria responsible for causing periodontitis . Bioactive compounds extracted from H. aspersa soft tissue demonstrated strong antifungal effects against C. albicans , Aspergillus flavus , and Aspergillus brasiliensis .…”

“…53 Further chemical analyses identified antimicrobial metabolites, including glycosaminoglycans, achasin, acharan sulfate, and beta-agglutinin, exhibiting potent antibacterial effects against Enterococcus foecalis, one of the bacteria responsible for causing periodontitis. 54 Bioactive compounds extracted from H. aspersa soft tissue demonstrated strong antifungal effects against C. albicans, Aspergillus f lavus, and Aspergillus brasiliensis. 55 Liquid chromatography−mass spectrometry identified metabolites, including flavonoids, fatty acids, and steroids, as antifungal agents within the snail extracts.…”

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“…Inhibition of falcipain-2 function causes the accumulation of nondegradable hemoglobin in food vacuoles [25]. In vivo study found that flavonoids are easily transformed into radical anions under a cellular oxidative stress environment, which severely induces the destruction of proteins, RNA, and DNA [30].…”