Identification, isolation and characterization of impurities of clindamycin palmitate hydrochloride

Bharathi, Ch.; Jayaram, P.; Raj, J.; Kumar, M. Saravana; Bhargavi, V.; Handa, V. K.; Dandala, Ramesh; Naidu, A.

doi:10.1016/j.jpba.2008.08.011

Cited by 12 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…We can also see the broad band with a maximum at 3346 cm −1 , which corresponds to the vibrations of the O–H groups of aromatic alcohols. [ 28 29 ]…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermoanalytical characterization of clindamycin-loaded intravitreal implants prepared by hot melt extrusion

et al. 2015

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Background:The aim of the present study was to evaluate a non-destructive fabrication method in for the development of sustained-release poly (L, D-lactic acid)-based biodegradable clindamycin phosphate implants for the treatment of ocular toxoplasmosis.Materials and Methods:The rod-shaped intravitreal implants with an average length of 5 mm and a diameter of 0.4 mm were evaluated for their physicochemical parameters. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR), and nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) studies were employed in order to study the characteristics of these formulations.Results:Drug content uniformity test confirmed the uniformity in different implant batches. Furthermore, the DSC, FTIR, and 1H NMR studies proved that the fabrication process did not have any destructive effects either on the drug or on the polymer structures.Conclusion:These studies showed that the developed sustained-release implants could be of interest for long-term sustained intraocular delivery of clindamycin, which can provide better patient compliance and also have good potential in terms of industrial feasibility.

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“…We can also see the broad band with a maximum at 3346 cm −1 , which corresponds to the vibrations of the O–H groups of aromatic alcohols. [ 28 29 ]…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermoanalytical characterization of clindamycin-loaded intravitreal implants prepared by hot melt extrusion

et al. 2015

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“…The presence of broad peaks at 3261, 3421 and 3443 cm −1 are due to stretching vibration of –OH and –NH 2 that involved in the inter and intramolecular hydrogen bonding in PVA and CS. 28–30 The shifting of absorption band at 3500 cm −1 in infrared spectra showed good hydrogen bonding between PVA, CS and erythromycin. The peaks in the table presented that the nanofibers peaks were very similar to the CS/erythromycin blend peaks with a remarkable shift for all the peaks to a higher wavenumber because of blending with PVA.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the potential of a polyvinyl alcohol/chitosan-based nanofibrous matrix for erythromycin delivery: fabrication,in vitroandin vivoevaluation

Cheng,

Farasati Far,

Jahanbakhshi

et al. 2023

RSC Adv.

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“…Figure 9 and Figure 10 show the most effective FTIR bands of the drug alone and its polymer blends. The IR spectrum of pure clindamycin shows peaks at the following locations: at 3277 and 3377 cm −1 due to O–H stretching in the galactose sugar group [ 23 ]; at 1080 and 1151 cm −1 due to C–O cyclic ether stretching in the galactose sugar group [ 24 ]; at 1253 and 1311 cm −1 due to S–C–H bending of C1–SCH 3 group [ 25 ]; at 1685 and 1554 cm −1 due to N–C=O stretching of amid carbonyl group [ 26 ]; at 862 cm −1 due to C–Cl stretching of C7–chloro group [ 23 ]; at 1452 cm −1 due to C–N stretching of pyrrolidine group; at 1043 cm −1 due to C–C stretching of pyrrolidine group; at 1452 cm −1 due to C–H bending of N1 \ –methyl group; and finally at 2922 and 2958 cm −1 due to C–H stretching of C4 \ –alkyl group [ 26 ]. The FTIR spectrum of physical mixture and blend films of clindamycin with both polymers showed no absence of any functional peaks in any spectra, thus revealing that there is no significant chemical interaction between the drug and these polymers.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of Drug–Polymer Compatibility Using Chemometric-Assisted UV-Spectrophotometry

et al. 2017

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A simple chemometric-assisted UV-spectrophotometric method was used to study the compatibility of clindamycin hydrochloride (HC1) with two commonly used natural controlled-release polymers, alginate (Ag) and chitosan (Ch). Standard mixtures containing 1:1, 1:2, and 1:0.5 w/w drug–polymer ratios were prepared and UV scanned. A calibration model was developed with partial least square (PLS) regression analysis for each polymer separately. Then, test mixtures containing 1:1 w/w drug–polymer ratios with different sets of drug concentrations were prepared. These were UV scanned initially and after three and seven days of storage at 25 °C. Using the calibration model, the drug recovery percent was estimated and a decrease in concentration of 10% or more from initial concentration was considered to indicate instability. PLS models with PC3 (for Ag) and PC2 (for Ch) showed a good correlation between actual and found values with root mean square error of cross validation (RMSECV) of 0.00284 and 0.01228, and calibration coefficient (R2) values of 0.996 and 0.942, respectively. The average drug recovery percent after three and seven days was 98.1 ± 2.9 and 95.4 ± 4.0 (for Ag), and 97.3 ± 2.1 and 91.4 ± 3.8 (for Ch), which suggests more drug compatibility with an Ag than a Ch polymer. Conventional techniques including DSC, XRD, FTIR, and in vitro minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) for (1:1) drug–polymer mixtures were also performed to confirm clindamycin compatibility with Ag and Ch polymers.

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Identification, isolation and characterization of impurities of clindamycin palmitate hydrochloride

Cited by 12 publications

References 3 publications

Thermoanalytical characterization of clindamycin-loaded intravitreal implants prepared by hot melt extrusion

Thermoanalytical characterization of clindamycin-loaded intravitreal implants prepared by hot melt extrusion

Exploring the potential of a polyvinyl alcohol/chitosan-based nanofibrous matrix for erythromycin delivery: fabrication,in vitroandin vivoevaluation

Investigation of Drug–Polymer Compatibility Using Chemometric-Assisted UV-Spectrophotometry

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