Identification by gas-liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry of low-molecular-weight products from the aqueous alkaline degradation of cellulose

Molton, P.M.; Miller, Rachel K.; Donovan, J.M.; Demmitt, T.F.

doi:10.1016/s0008-6215(00)84639-x

Cited by 17 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…This process originally attracted attention as a way of making an artificial coal (Bergius, 1928;Berl and Schmidt, 1932a,b) and subsequently with the addition of carbon monoxide and hydrogen as a way of making liquid fuels from biomass (Weiss, 1972;Gupta et al, 1976; Appell et al, 1975;Cavalier and Chornet, 1977; Waterman and Kortlandt, 1924). Work done on the determination of the reaction mechanisms of liquefaction, mainly with pure cellulose (Miller et al, 1981;Eager et al, 1983; Molton et al, 1979, Russell et al, 1983 suggests that the technique offers a potential alternative synthetic route to phenolics, furans, and other chemicals. Extension to actual organic waste materials should be possible.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of direct thermal liquefaction for the conversion of cellulosic biomass

Nelson¹,

Molton²,

Russell³

et al. 1984

Ind. Eng. Chem. Prod. Res. Dev.

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Direct thermochemical conversion of cellulosic biomass to useful products has been studied as en alternative to conventional biological processes. At temperatures of 250-400 O C and pressures up to 20.7 MPa in the presence of sodium carbonate, pure cellulose was converted to a mixture of phenols, cyclopentanones, and hydroquinones as well as other components. This liquefaction oil and others were examined for their use as fuel asphatt substitutes and wood adhesives. The product composition tended to change with liquefaction time. One major product of cellulose liquefaction, 2,5dimethyl-l,4benzenediol, was formed during a reduction-oxidation procedure involving acetoin and biacetyl. The use of alkaline catalysts under liquefaction at 300 O C was shown to shift the mechanism from one involving aqueous pyrolysis (predominant furan formation) to one incorporating aldol and related condensations.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of direct thermal liquefaction for the conversion of cellulosic biomass

Nelson¹,

Molton²,

Russell³

et al. 1984

Ind. Eng. Chem. Prod. Res. Dev.

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“…The GC/MS data also indicated that for several of the effluents a trace amount of acetophenone coeluted with the 2,3,5-trimethyl-2-cyclopentenone (peak 7). Methylsubstituted 2-cyclopentenones have previously been identified in a variety of sources including tobacco and tobacco smoke condensates (10-15) and coffee ( 16) and in products derived from the aqueous alkaline degradation of pure cellulose (17). The latter observation was made by Molton and co-workers from a study to elucidate the mechanism of conversion of cellulosic wastes to liquid fuels through thermochemical digestion in aqueous sodium carbonate at elevated temperatures (>300 °C) (17).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Methylsubstituted 2-cyclopentenones have previously been identified in a variety of sources including tobacco and tobacco smoke condensates (10-15) and coffee ( 16) and in products derived from the aqueous alkaline degradation of pure cellulose (17). The latter observation was made by Molton and co-workers from a study to elucidate the mechanism of conversion of cellulosic wastes to liquid fuels through thermochemical digestion in aqueous sodium carbonate at elevated temperatures (>300 °C) (17). Molton et al identified 2,5-dimethyl-2-cyclopentenone as well as several alkyl-substituted cyclopentanones from GC/MS analysis of the low-molecular-weight products obtained from the aqueous alkaline degradation of cellulose.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neutral organic compounds in biologically treated bleached kraft mill effluents

Voss¹

1984

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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γ‐Ray‐induced degradation of lignocellulosic materials

Han

Timpa

Ciegler

et al. 1981

Biotech & Bioengineering

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SummaryLignocellulosic plant materials were treated with various swelling agents and exposed to y radiation from "Co or I3'Cs. At dosages of SO Mrad or above, lignocellulosic materials were extensively degraded and solubilized in water. Addition of water, NaOH, or H2S04 to the substrate increased the degree of solubilization. Complete solubilization was achieved for samples of sugarcane bagasse, newspaper, cotton linters, cotton cloth, sawdust, and acellulose powder. About 35% total sugar and 5% reducing sugar per dry weight of sugarcane bagasse could be obtained by this method. Most of the soluble carbohydrates seemed to be disaccharides or larger molecules and glucose degradation products. Solubilization of cellulose was dosage dependent and although the rate of solubilization was increased by adding alkali, released sugar was further decomposed by the alkali and by high dosages of radiation.

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Identification by gas-liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry of low-molecular-weight products from the aqueous alkaline degradation of cellulose

Cited by 17 publications

References 21 publications

Application of direct thermal liquefaction for the conversion of cellulosic biomass

Application of direct thermal liquefaction for the conversion of cellulosic biomass

Neutral organic compounds in biologically treated bleached kraft mill effluents

γ‐Ray‐induced degradation of lignocellulosic materials

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