Identification and first insights into the structure of chitin from the endemic freshwater demosponge Ochridaspongia rotunda (Arndt, 1937)

Talevski, Trajce; Leshoska, Aleksandra Talevska; Pejoski, Elena; Pejin, Boris; Machałowski, Tomasz; Wysokowski, Marcin; Tsurkan, Mikhail V.; Петрова, О. В.; Сивков, В. Н.; Martinović, Rajko; Pantović, Snežana; Khrunyk, Yuliya; Trylis, V. V.; Fursov, Andriy; Djurović, Mirko; Jesionowski, Teofil; Ehrlich, Hermann

doi:10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.06.247

Cited by 10 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Chitin is one of the principal organic skeletal components in invertebrate animals such as arthropods, mollusks, sponges, cnidarians, and annelids. − Chitin is bio-synthesized in the form of microfibrils, where the elongated chitin molecules are packed in a highly ordered manner to form nanofibrous structures. − Chitin crystalline nanofibers exhibit two distinctive forms, one with an antiparallel packing of chitin molecules known as α-chitin, , and another with a parallel packing known as β-chitin, − both of which occur in nature and are biosynthesized by organisms. , In addition, γ-chitin has been described as a third allomorph, but it is structurally close to α-chitin and generally considered to be a variant of α-chitin. , Arthropods such as crustaceans produce α-chitin, which is thought to be more abundant naturally compared to β-chitin, which is the main allomorph produced by diatoms, , annelid worms, and mollusks such as squids . The two forms in chitin are analogous to cellulose, which also forms parallel (cellulose I) and anti-parallel (cellulose II) packing, but in cellulose, only the parallel-packed cellulose I occurs naturally .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of Chitin Allomorphs in Poorly Crystalline Samples Based on the Complexation with Ethylenediamine

et al. 2022

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Chitin is a key component of hard parts in many organisms, but the biosynthesis of the two distinctive chitin allomorphs, α-and β-chitin, is not well-understood. The accurate determination of chitin allomorphs in natural biomaterials is vital. Many chitin-secreting living organisms, however, produce poorly crystalline chitin which leads to spectrums with only broad lines and imprecise peak positions under conventional analytical methods such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and solid state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR), resulting in inconclusive identification of chitin allomorphs. Here, we developed a novel method for discerning chitin allomorphs based on their different complexation capacity and guest selectivity, using ethylenediamine (EDA) as a complexing agent. From the peak shift observed in XRD profiles of the chitin/EDA complex, the chitin allomorphs can be clearly discerned. By testing this method on a series of samples with different chitin allomorphs and crystallinity, we show that the sensitivity is sufficiently high to detect the chitin allomorphs even in near-amorphous, very poorly crystalline samples. This is a powerful tool for determining the chitin allomorphs in phylogenetically important chitin-producing organisms and will pave the way to clarify the evolution and mechanism of chitin biosynthesis.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of Chitin Allomorphs in Poorly Crystalline Samples Based on the Complexation with Ethylenediamine

et al. 2022

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“…The presence of chitin in marine sponges has been revealed only recently [55,56] that was further confirmed by the detection of chitin in fossilized skeleton of 505 MYR old demosponge Vauxia gracilents [39]. Since then, chitin has been isolated from numerous species of marine [25,43,[55][56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63][64][65][66][67][68][69] as well as fresh-water sponges [70].…”

Section: Poriferan Chitin: Progress In the Application Of Poriferan Cmentioning

confidence: 90%

Progress in Modern Marine Biomaterials Research

et al. 2020

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The growing demand for new, sophisticated, multifunctional materials has brought natural structural composites into focus, since they underwent a substantial optimization during long evolutionary selection pressure and adaptation processes. Marine biological materials are the most important sources of both inspiration for biomimetics and of raw materials for practical applications in technology and biomedicine. The use of marine natural products as multifunctional biomaterials is currently undergoing a renaissance in the modern materials science. The diversity of marine biomaterials, their forms and fields of application are highlighted in this review. We will discuss the challenges, solutions, and future directions of modern marine biomaterialogy using a thorough analysis of scientific sources over the past ten years.

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“…Currently, chitin was identified in the skeletons of 21 species of marine sponges and three species of freshwater sponges (see Talevski et al, 2020 ). In particular, Verongiida (Porifera) has been identified as a promising candidate for bioactive compound extraction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chitin scaffolds derived from the marine demosponge Aplysina fistularis stimulate the differentiation of dental pulp stem cells

Zawadzka-Knefel,

Rusak,

Mrozowska

et al. 2023

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

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The use of stem cells for tissue regeneration is a prominent trend in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering. In particular, dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) have garnered considerable attention. When exposed to specific conditions, DPSCs have the ability to differentiate into osteoblasts and odontoblasts. Scaffolds are critical for cell differentiation because they replicate the 3D microenvironment of the niche and enhance cell adhesion, migration, and differentiation. The purpose of this study is to present the biological responses of human DPSCs to a purified 3D chitin scaffold derived from the marine demosponge Aplysina fistularis and modified with hydroxyapatite (HAp). Responses examined included proliferation, adhesion, and differentiation. The control culture consisted of the human osteoblast cell line, hFOB 1.19. Electron microscopy was used to examine the ultrastructure of the cells (transmission electron microscopy) and the surface of the scaffold (scanning electron microscopy). Cell adhesion to the scaffolds was determined by neutral red and crystal violet staining methods. An alkaline phosphatase (ALP) assay was used for assessing osteoblast/odontoblast differentiation. We evaluated the expression of osteogenic marker genes by performing ddPCR for ALP, RUNX2, and SPP1 mRNA expression levels. The results show that the chitin biomaterial provides a favorable environment for DPSC and hFOB 1.19 cell adhesion and supports both cell proliferation and differentiation. The chitin scaffold, especially with HAp modification, isolated from A. fistularis can make a significant contribution to tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.

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Identification and first insights into the structure of chitin from the endemic freshwater demosponge Ochridaspongia rotunda (Arndt, 1937)

Cited by 10 publications

References 47 publications

Identification of Chitin Allomorphs in Poorly Crystalline Samples Based on the Complexation with Ethylenediamine

Identification of Chitin Allomorphs in Poorly Crystalline Samples Based on the Complexation with Ethylenediamine

Progress in Modern Marine Biomaterials Research

Chitin scaffolds derived from the marine demosponge Aplysina fistularis stimulate the differentiation of dental pulp stem cells

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