Identification and Expression of Fructose-1,6-Bisphosphate Aldolase Genes and Their Relations to Oil Content in Developing Seeds of Tea Oil Tree (Camellia oleifera)

Abstract

Tea oil tree (Camellia oleifera, Co) provides a fine edible oil source in China. Tea oil from the seeds is very beneficial to human health. Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate aldolase (FBA) hydrolyzes fructose-1,6-bisphosphate into dihydroxyacetone phosphate and glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate, two critical metabolites for oil biosynthesis. The objectives of this study were to identify FBA genes and investigate the relationship between FBA gene expression and oil content in developing seeds of tea oil tree. In this paper, four developmentally up-regulated CoFBA genes were identified in Camellia oleifera seeds based on the transcriptome from two seed developmental stages corresponding to the initiation and peak stages of lipid biosynthesis. The expression of CoFBA genes, along with three key oil biosynthesis genes CoACP, CoFAD2 and CoSAD were analyzed in seeds from eight developmental stages by real-time quantitative PCR. The oil content and fatty acid composition were also analyzed. The results showed that CoFBA and CoSAD mRNA levels were well-correlated with oil content whereas CoFAD2 gene expression levels were correlated with fatty acid composition in Camellia seeds. We propose that CoFBA and CoSAD are two important factors for determining tea oil yield because CoFBA gene controls the flux of key intermediates for oil biosynthesis and CoSAD gene controls the synthesis of oleic acid, which accounts for 80% of fatty acids in tea oil. These findings suggest that tea oil yield could be improved by enhanced expression of CoFBA and CoSAD genes in transgenic plants.

Molecular Characterization, Gene Evolution, and Expression Analysis of the Fructose-1, 6-bisphosphate Aldolase (FBA) Gene Family in Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

“…FBA genes have been shown to be involved in various important physiological and biochemical processes, e.g., plant development (Zhang et al, 2014), signal transduction (Oelze et al, 2014), regulation of secondary metabolism (Zeng et al, 2014), plant defense and response to biotic (Mohapatra and Mittra, 2016), and abiotic stresses, including salt (Lu et al, 2012), cadmium (Sarry et al, 2006), drought (Khanna et al, 2014), chilling (Purev et al, 2008), and heat (Michelis and Gepstein, 2000), and post-translational modification (Mininno et al, 2012). Furthermore, the presence of FBAs in the nucleus implies that aldose isoenzymes could bind to DNA and directly regulate gene expression (Páez-Valencia et al, 2008).…”

Transcriptome comparative analysis of two Camellia species reveals lipid metabolism during mature seed natural drying

“…However, some oil seed plants failed to identify D8D, D5D, such as Sacha Inchi , tung tree (Galli et al 2014) and Yellow Horn ). There were four unigenes expressed over 100 RPKM, in which three (CL32923Contig1, CL27152Contig1 and CL21434Con-tig1) were annotated to SAD, and the remaining one (CL32549Contig1) to D12D, which are correlated with fatty acid composition and content (Zeng et al 2014), and corresponded to fast oil accumulation stage (Galli et al 2014;Wang et al 2012;Rajwade et al 2014). This was verified by unsaturated fatty acid content, in which C18:1 was the highest and followed by C18:2 Zhang et al 2015;Long et al 2012).…”

Genome-Wide Analysis of Oleosin Gene Family in 22 Tree Species: An Accelerator for Metabolic Engineering of BioFuel Crops and Agrigenomics Industrial Applications?

“…Plant TAGs are both for human consumption and for industrial applications (Cahoon et al, 2007;Dyer et al, 2008) including biofuel production (Carvalho et al, 2008;Chen et al, 2010b;Tai and Stephanopoulos, 2013;Winichayakul et al, 2013). Many trees contain up to 50%-80% of oil in the seeds and fruits (Cao et al, 2013;Chen et al, 2008;Zeng et al, 2014;Zhang et al, 2014). The amounts of TAGs are influenced by OLEs, generally low-molecular-mass hydrophobic proteins covering the oil bodies/droplets (Dyer et al, 2008;Huang, 1992).…”

“…Plant TAGs are rich source of edible oils for human consumption and special oils for industrial applications (Cahoon et al, 2007;Dyer et al, 2008) and biofuels (Carvalho et al, 2008;Chen et al, 2010b;Tai and Stephanopoulos, 2013;Winichayakul et al, 2013). Trees contribute to enormous plant oil reserves because fruits and kernels of many trees contain up to 50%-80% of oil (Cao et al, 2013;Chen et al, 2008;Zeng et al, 2014;Zhang et al, 2014).…”