“…During storage, grains are destroyed by many stored-grain insects that are responsible for worldwide loss up to 10 -40% annually (Ahmad et al, 2013). Trogoderma granarium, sometimes known as the "khapra beetle," is a dangerous pest that attacks grains that have been stored, including groundnuts, sesame, barley, sorghum, and rice (Feroz, 2020;Yadav et al, 2021). Due to favourable climatic factors including humidity and temperature, this damaging pest is found in bins, granaries, farm homes, and godowns in various nations including India, China, Pakistan, Africa, and Turkey (Naseri and Borzoui, 2016;Mutlu et al, 2019).…”