Identification and characterization of the Ipomoea nil RelA/SpoT Homologs (InRSHs) and potential directions of their transcriptional regulation

Prusińska, Justyna; Boniecka, Justyna; Dąbrowska, Grażyna B.; Goc, Anna

doi:10.1016/j.plantsci.2019.01.026

Cited by 7 publications

(14 citation statements)

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“…The (p)ppGpp synthesis activity was confirmed also for RSH2/3 from Suaeda japonica [ 45 ], and for Nicotiana tabacum RSH2 alarmone synthesis and hydrolysis activity was shown [ 44 ]. Interestingly, AtCSRH has only (p)ppGpp synthase activity, as expected based on amino acid sequence analysis [ 51 ], whereas InCRSH complements both mutations suggesting that this protein is able also to hydrolyse alarmones, despite the crucial His and Asp in HD domain in InCRSH being substituted with Arg and Gln [ 25 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 81%

“…In O. sativa , one gene in each of the RSH1 , RSH2 , and RSH3 subgroups, and three CRSH genes were identified [ 42 ]. In I. nil , five RSH genes were identified, i.e., 1 RSH1 , 2 RSH2 , 1 RSH3 , and 1 CRSH [ 25 ]. Genes encoding RSH were described also in Capsicum annum [ 43 ], Nicotiana tabacum [ 44 ], and Suaeda japonica [ 45 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Plant RSH1 genes are characterized by very complex structures, with over 20 introns and exons in each analysed gene, except for BnRSH1_e and RsRSH1_c ( Table 1 ). The high number of introns and exons is a common feature of RSH1 genes from both mono- and di-cotyledonous plants [ 25 ] (data from the NCBI Gene Database). The average number of introns per gene in plants is about 4 [ 46 , 47 ], which raises a question about the possible role of such great complexity in the RSH1 gene.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The catalytic activity of plant RSH proteins predicted by the in silico analysis of amino acid sequences could be confirmed by a complementation test in E. coli relA − and relA − / spoT − mutants. It was shown that RSH1 proteins from A. thaliana and I. nil do not possess (p)ppGpp synthase activity, whereas AtRSH2, AtRSH3, and InRSH2, are able to synthesise and hydrolyse alarmones [ 25 , 26 , 41 ]. The (p)ppGpp synthesis activity was confirmed also for RSH2/3 from Suaeda japonica [ 45 ], and for Nicotiana tabacum RSH2 alarmone synthesis and hydrolysis activity was shown [ 44 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The presence of (p)ppGpp in photosynthetic Eucaryota was first confirmed in the alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii , where the accumulation of alarmones in response to amino acid starvation was observed [ 20 ]. Homologs of the bacterial genes RelA / SpoT called RSH ( RelA / SpoT Homologs) were first identified in A. thaliana [ 21 ] and, in subsequent years, RSH genes have been identified in other plant species [ 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 ]. RSH proteins have been divided into three groups, i.e., RSH1 , RSH2/3 , and CRSH , based on their primary structure and domain structure [ 26 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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In Silico Study of the RSH (RelA/SpoT Homologs) Gene Family and Expression Analysis in Response to PGPR Bacteria and Salinity in Brassica napus

Dąbrowska

Turkan

Tylman-Mojżeszek

et al. 2021

IJMS

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Among several mechanisms involved in the plant stress response, synthesis of guanosine tetra and pentaphosphates (alarmones), homologous to the bacterial stringent response, is of crucial importance. Plant alarmones affect, among others, photosynthetic activity, metabolite accumulation, and nutrient remobilization, and thus regulate plant growth and development. The plant RSH (RelA/SpoT homolog) genes, that encode synthetases and/or hydrolases of alarmones, have been characterized in a limited number of plant species, e.g., Arabidopsis thaliana, Oryza sativa, and Ipomoea nil. Here, we used dry-to-wet laboratory research approaches to characterize RSH family genes in the polyploid plant Brassica napus. There are 12 RSH genes in the genome of rapeseed that belong to four types of RSH genes: 6 RSH1, 2 RSH2, 3 RSH3, and 1 CRSH. BnRSH genes contain 13–24 introns in RSH1, 2–6 introns in RSH2, 1–6 introns in RSH3, and 2–3 introns in the CRSH genes. In the promoter regions of the RSH genes, we showed the presence of regulatory elements of the response to light, plant hormones, plant development, and abiotic and biotic stresses. The wet-lab analysis showed that expression of BnRSH genes is generally not significantly affected by salt stress, but that the presence of PGPR bacteria, mostly of Serratia sp., increased the expression of BnRSH significantly. The obtained results show that BnRSH genes are differently affected by biotic and abiotic factors, which indicates their different functions in plants.

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