Identification and Characterization of
            <i>Eimeria tenella</i>
            Microneme Protein (EtMIC8)

Zhao, Ningning; Ming, Shuzhen; Sun, Lingyu; Wang, Bingxiang; Li, Hongmei; Zhang, Xiao; Zhao, Xiaomin

doi:10.1128/spectrum.00228-21

Cited by 20 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…E. tenella Shandong strain (SD-01) was maintained and propagated in our laboratory (Liu et al 2014 ). Unsporulated oocysts, sporulated oocysts, sporozoites, and merozoites were obtained as previously described (Zhao et al 2021 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of the Eimeria tenella rhoptry protein with a nuclear localization sequence (EtROP30)

et al. 2022

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Rhoptry proteins (ROPs), secreted by specific rhoptry organelles of apicomplexan parasites, are determinants of parasite pathogenesis and sources of vaccine candidates. Twenty-eight ROPs of Eimeria tenella have been predicted by genomic approaches, and in the present study, E. tenella rhoptry protein 30 (EtROP30) was characterized. Subcellular localizations of EtROP30 in sporozoites and merozoites were in the apical complex and rhoptry-like bulb, suggesting that EtROP30 is a member of ROPs in E. tenella . Sequence analysis showed that EtROP30 contained an N-terminal secretory signal, a protein kinase domain with eight E. tenella -specific rhoptry kinase 1 subfamily (ROPK-Eten1) motifs, and a C-terminal nuclear localization sequence (NLS), making EtROP30 the only ROP that contains both a secretory signal and an NLS in E. tenella . Subsequent experiments showed that EtROP30 was a secreted protein in the sporozoite stage, relying on NLS for migration to the host nucleus. In addition, EtROP30 showed significantly higher expression levels in the parasite merozoite stage, indicating that EtROP30 plays a critical role during parasite reinvasion and development and may be a viable option as a vaccine candidate for anti-parasitic infection. The immunization protection efficacies of EtROP30 were evaluated. Significant improvements in mean body weight gain, reduction of cecum lesion score, and number of oocysts excreted were observed, indicating that EtROP30 has good immunogenicity against E. tenella . In the present study, a ROP of E. tenella with secretory and nuclear localization characteristics has been identified, and proved to be an effective vaccine candidate against this parasite.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of the Eimeria tenella rhoptry protein with a nuclear localization sequence (EtROP30)

et al. 2022

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“…Dexing Ma realized that specific L peptides, competing with E. tenella rhotryneck protein 2 (EtRON2) to bind EtAMA1 located on the surface of ascospores, inhibited the parasite's invasion of cells ( 35 ). It was shown that EtSTP protein acts mainly in the developmental and reproductive stages of the parasite and that the ability of ascospores to invade cells was significantly reduced by anti-rEtSTP antibody treatment ( 36 ). Anti-EtMIC8 antibodies significantly increase the rate of adhesion to host cells and reduce the rate of invasion of ascospores into host cells ( 37 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploration of the Mechanism of the Control of Coccidiosis in Chickens Based on Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking With the Addition of Modified Gegen Qinlian Decoction

Peng

Wang

et al. 2022

Front. Vet. Sci.

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Gegen Qinlian Decoction is a long-established Chinese herbal compound for the treatment of diarrhea and dysentery, while Magnolia officinalis has been demonstrated to have some anthelmintic activity. The preliminary screening of this study showed that the addition of Modified Gegen Qinlian Decoction has some effective on the prevention and treatment of coccidiosis in chickens. However, the mechanism of its treatment of chicken coccidiosis is not clear. The network pharmacology study was based on the screening of chemical components and related targets from TCMSP and PharmMapper server databases. Genes related to chicken coccidiosis were obtained from the SRA database, and those genes that intersected with the target genes of Modified Gegen Qinlian Decoction were screened. By exploring the target interactions through the String system and enrichment analysis by the Metascape system, the mechanism of action of Modified Gegen Qinlian Decoction in chicken coccidiosis was identified. Using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) to analyze the mRNA levels of the relevant factors in chicken coccidiosis, molecular docking was used to reveal the extent of binding of the key target genes predicted in the network pharmacology by the action of Modified Gegen Qinlian Decoction. Compound and target screening suggested that the 99 chemical targets of Modified Gegen Qinlian Decoction were involved in chicken coccidiosis, and the enrichment results of KEGG pathway suggested that Modified Gegen Qinlian Decoction was significantly associated with PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in chicken coccidiosis. The Hubba gene module in Cytoscape_v3.7.1 software was used to analyze the network topology to obtain the Hubba gene SRC, STAT3, and PPARG, etc. The molecular docking results showed that SRC, STAT3, and PPARG were key targets in the treatment of coccidiosis in chickens by Modified Gegen Qinlian Decoction, which was in agreement with the RT-qPCR results. Through network pharmacology, molecular docking and in vitro experiments, it was confirmed that Modified Gegen Qinlian Decoction fights against chicken coccidiosis through key targets such as SRC, STAT3, and PPARG.

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“…It has shown that humoral immunity is crucial for combating coccidial infections (Constantinoiu et al 2008 ; Yuan et al 2022 ; Ding et al 2004 ; Zhao et al 2021a , b ). Serum IgG levels in the immunized rEmMIC2 and rEmMIC3 protein groups were significantly higher than those in the control group, confirming that rEmMIC2 and rEmMIC3 proteins induced humoral immunity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They are secreted by microneme organelles that promote adhesion between parasites and the surface of host cells and perform the dynamics required for host cell invasion (Carruthers and Tomley 2008 ). Microneme proteins were found to effectively protect hosts from parasites in Toxoplasma gondii and chicken coccidia (Lee et al 2018 ; Sathish et al 2011 ; Zhao et al 2021a , b ); however, no studies have been reported on rabbit coccidia.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the immune protective effects of rEmMIC2 and rEmMIC3 from Eimeria magna in rabbits

Chen

Xiao

et al. 2022

Parasitol Res

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Eimeria magna is a common pathogen in rabbits, which results in lethargy, weight loss, diarrhea, and even death in severe cases after infection. The current method for preventing rabbit coccidiosis is to add anticoccidial drugs to the diet. However, there are many concerns about drug resistance and drug residues. In our study, the rEmMIC2 and rEmMIC3 proteins were cloned and expressed to evaluate potential as recombinant subunit vaccine candidate antigens. The protective effects of rEmMIC2 and rEmMIC3 were evaluated by the relative weight gain ratio, oocyst decrease rate, anticoccidial index, feed conversion ratio, pathological alterations, clinical symptoms, specific IgG antibody, and cytokine levels in rabbits. The molecular weights of rEmMIC2 and rEmMIC3 were 18.69 kDa and 17.47 kDa, respectively. After the coccidia challenge, the control groups showed anorexia and soft poop, whereas the experimental group showed few anorexia symptoms. Significantly different from the control group, the relative weight gain ratios of the immunized rEmMIC2 and rEmMIC3 groups were 78.37% and 75.29%, respectively, and the oocyst reduction was 77.95% and 76.09%, respectively, and the anticoccidial index was 171.12 and 169.29, respectively. IgG antibody, IFN-γ, IL-4, IL-10, and IL-17 levels were significantly increased in the experimental group. The results showed that rEmMIC2 and rEmMIC3 have potential as vaccine candidate antigens.

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Identification and Characterization of Eimeria tenella Microneme Protein (EtMIC8)

Abstract: Microneme proteins (MICs) of Eimeria tenella play key roles in motility, migration, attachment, and invasion processes. More than 20 apicomplexan parasite’s MICs have been identified, with nine Eimeria MICs being reported.

Cited by 20 publications

References 56 publications

Characterization of the Eimeria tenella rhoptry protein with a nuclear localization sequence (EtROP30)

Characterization of the Eimeria tenella rhoptry protein with a nuclear localization sequence (EtROP30)

Exploration of the Mechanism of the Control of Coccidiosis in Chickens Based on Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking With the Addition of Modified Gegen Qinlian Decoction

Evaluation of the immune protective effects of rEmMIC2 and rEmMIC3 from Eimeria magna in rabbits

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