Identificación genética de aislamientos de Colletotrichum spp. causantes de antracnosis en frutos de aguacate, banano, mango y tomate de árbol

Abstract

ResumenLa antracnosis es una de las enfermedades que más afecta la producción de frutales tropicales en el mundo. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue identificar a nivel de especie aislamientos de Colletotrichum spp. causantes de la antracnosis en frutos de aguacate, banano, mango y tomate de árbol mediante el análisis filogenético multilocus empleando datos de las secuencias de la región espaciadora interna transcrita (ITS), y de los genes β-tubulina-2 y gliceraldehído-3-fosfato deshidrogenasa. Para cada especie se evaluaron características morfológicas de la colonia, los conidios y los apresorios. Se obtuvieron 16 aislamientos a partir de frutos con síntomas de antracnosis, los cuales se confirmaron como causantes de la enfermedad en frutos de sus respectivos hospedantes con el método de inoculación por herida y goteo. Se identificaron los aislamientos como Colletotrichum asianum, Colletotrichum fructicola, Colletotrichum musae dentro del complejo de especies de Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, o como Colletotrichum tamarilloi dentro del complejo de especies de Colletotrichum acutatum. El presente estudio aporta al conocimiento de las especies causantes de la antracnosis en frutas tropicales en Colombia, lo cual facilitará el diseño de técnicas de diagnóstico y la selección de estrategias óptimas de manejo de la enfermedad.Palabras clave: análisis filogenético multilocus, complejo de especies, diversidad genética, diagnóstico. Genetic identification of Colletotrichum isolates causing anthracnose in fruits of avocado, banana, mango and tamarillo AbstractAnthracnose is a major disease affecting the production of tropical fruit trees on a global level. Our objective was to identify at the species level Colletotrichum isolates causing anthracnose in fruits of avocado, banana, mango, and tamarillo by multilocus phylogenetic analysis based on sequencing data from the ITS region and from the βtubulin-2 and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase genes. We evaluated the morphology of colonies, conidia, and appressoria for each species. We obtained 16 isolates from fruits exhibiting symptoms of anthracnose, which were confirmed using the wound and drip inoculation method as causing anthracnose in fruits of their respective hosts. The isolates were identified as Colletotrichum asianum, Colletotrichum fructicola, or Colletotrichum musae within the Colletotrichum gloeosporioides species complex, or as Colletotrichum tamarilloi within the Colletotrichum acutatum species complex. This study contributes to the knowledge of species causing anthracnose in tropical fruits in Colombia, which will facilitate the design of diagnosis techniques and the selection of better disease management strategies.

Identification of Fungal Pathogens of Mango and Soursop Fruits Using Morphological and Molecular Tools and Their Control Using Papaya and Soursop Leaf and Seed Extracts

“…and peanut leaf spots (Arachis). In Brazil, the pathogen C. fructicola was also reported in mango by Viera et al [40] and also it has been reported in Asia, Africa, and America in various hosts as the cause of anthracnose [41]. Likewise, Fuentes-Aragón et al [37] confirmed that C. fructicola was previously reported as C. gloeosporioides and then it was reclassified.…”

Effects of anthracnose disease on avocado production in Kenya

“…Further studies involving multilocus phylogenetic analysis based on sequencing data from the ITS region and from the βtubulin-2 and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase genes has identified Colletotrichum asianum, Colletotrichum fructicola, and Colletotrichum musae as members of the Colletotrichum gloeosporioides species complex, known to cause anthracnose in various fruit (Gañán et al, 2015). More so, Bayesian multilocus phylogenetic analyses performed using amplified sequences of the internal transcribed spacer region of the nuclear ribosomal DNA; actin, chitin synthase, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase partial genes; and APn2-Mat1-2 intergenic spacer and mating type Mat1-2 partial gene reported Colletotichum fruticola as one of the species that forms Colletotrichum gloeosporioides.…”

Effect of agricultural inputs and essential oils on the soil of vegetables in Colombia's Caribbean region

“…These were then suspended at a concentration of 1.0 × 10 6 UFC/ml in sterile distilled water and identified according to the taxonomic keys published by Gañán, Álvarez and Castaño (2015); the identification was verified through molecular analyzes carried out in the laboratories of Corporación para Investigaciones Biológicas [Corporation for Biological Studies] (cib) in Medellin, with dna extractions using hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (ctab). Amplification in the internal transcribed spacer (its) region with a polymerase chain reaction (pcr) technique was carried out using universal primers and sequencing.…”

“…Bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes counts were carried out for each sample and expressed in colony forming units (cfu) per gram of soil, using the serial dilutions technique and draining in Petri dishes according to the methodology published by Tofiño et al (2012) and Gañán et al (2015). Likewise, soil quality indicators as pH, organic matter, cation exchange capacity (cec) and electric conductivity (ec) were measured.…”