Identificação de áreas de estratificação epidemiológica no foco de oncocercose na região Yanomami, Roraima, Brasil

Abstract

No presente trabalho, visando a um adequado planejamento, análise e acompanhamento do Programa de Tratamento, Controle e Eliminação da Oncocercose Humana no Brasil, foram estudadas 27 áreas geográficas e examinados 3.974 indivíduos. Assim, foram identificadas e estratificadas quatro áreas epidemiológicas, tendo por base as prevalências diferenciadas em cada uma delas.

Human onchocerciasis in Brazil: an overview

“…It was coordinated and partially funded by the Onchocerciasis Elimination Program for the Americas (OEPA), a regional coalition of representatives from the health ministries of these countries, various international banks, United Nations agencies, and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and Carter Center in the United States. The current situation (based on this program) in the Brazilian part of the Amazonia focus is as follows: about 9,500 Indians (mainly Yanomami) live in an area of about 200,000 km 2 and over 1,100 (about 30%) of almost 4,000 tested from 1993-1996 were positive for onchocerciasis (Coelho et al, 1998;Py-Daniel, 1997 -dif-ferences exist in the data cited in these two papers, but the infection levels are approximately in agreement). Hyperendemicity continues to be associated with the mountainous center of the focus, while the periphery is hypoendemic or free of the disease, a stratification even more clearly seen from recent data for Venezuela (Vivas-Martínez et al, 1998).…”

Eggs fertility and biological aspects of the life cycle in natural populations of Simulium (Diptera, Simuliidae)

“…The disease is found in 36 countries in Africa, in one country in Arabian peninsula (Yemen), as well as in Guatemala, southern Mexico, some areas of Venezuela, small areas in Brazil, Colombia and Ecuador. In the Amazon forest in Brazil, some indigenous Yanomami communities have been affected by the onchocerciasis (Coelho et al, 1998;Thylefors, 2001;Okulicz et al, 2002;Shelley, 2002;Carabin et al, 2003). Although there is a vast literature concerning Simuliidae, studies related to biological cycle are few in number and, consequently, the life cycle of most Simuliidade remain incompletely described (Colbo and Moorhouse, 1974;Pegoraro, 1993;Colbo and Wotton, 1979;Lozovei et al, 1989;Kim and Merritt, 1997).…”