Identificação das Unidades Homogêneas e Padrão da Ocupação Urbana (uhct) como subsidio ao ordenamento territorial em Mossoró, rn — Brasil

Abstract

resumo | A concepção de unidades homogêneas urbanas visa estabelecer o agrupamento de áreas que possuam a dominância das mesmas características ambientais e/ou físico-espaciais para o estabelecimento de classes de uso urbanas. Neste artigo, buscou-se analisar como a distribuição dessas unidades homogêneas podem contribuir com o planejamento e ordenamento territorial tomando como referência a área urbana de Mossoró, rn, Brasil. Os resultados indicaram que as dinâmicas territoriais e seus padrões físicos carecem de políticas públicas de ordenamento territorial principalmente nas áreas periféricas. Por consequência, os dados obtidos pelo uhct por meio da análise de suas diversas camadas fornecem subsídio para a criação de um zoneamento indicativo de ordenamento territorial. Bem como verifica-se a importância da utilização das técnicas de geoprocessamento para o planejamento e gestão. palavras-chave | planejamento urbano, gestão urbana, gestão ambiental. abstract | The conception of homogeneous urban units aims to establish the grouping of areas that have the dominance of the same environmental characteristics and/or physical-space for the establishment of urban use classes. In this article, we analyzed how the distribution of homogeneous units can contribute to planning and spatial planning taking the urban area of Mossoró, rn, Brazil as a reference. The results show that territorial dynamics and their physical patterns are not covered by territorial planning policies, particularly concerning peripheral areas. Consequently, the data obtained by the uhct system through the analysis of its various layers provide elements for the creation of an indicative zoning of territorial planning, as well as reveal the importance of the use of geoprocessing techniques for planning and management. keywords | urban planning, urban management, environmental management.

State-of-the-Art and Framework for Identifying Urban Patterns by Remote Sensing Data

“…In four of the papers, no digital image processing was performed (DENALDI et al, 2018;FEITOSA et al, 2021;FRIESEN et al, 2019;TAUBENBÖCK, 2018). In these cases, the authors used only the information available in the base maps of the GIS software, and differences between settlements were visually determined.…”

“…In terms of applications, most mapping is related to urban planning (68.3%), with studies ranging from monitoring occupations in areas with environmental risks (ESDRAS, 2012;LEITE et al, 2013;LEITE;BRITO, 2012;MARTINS;LEITE, 2015), population inference (ALMEIDA et al, 2009;DE MARCELHAS et al, 2007;GONÇALVES et al, 2004GONÇALVES et al, , 2006KURKDJIAN, 1993), and measuring the housing deficit (FEITOSA et al, 2021). Additionally, a smaller portion of the studies (7.3%) focused on mapping for public health purposes, such as identifying urban typologies associated with leptospirosis in a suburban region of Salvador, Bahia (BRITO, 2010;BRITO et al, 2008), and assessing the occurrence of dengue in Rio de Janeiro (REIS, 2010).…”

“…Another study explored the urban climate in six Brazilian capitals (LAPOLA et al, 2019). The remaining applications (22%) were centered around Digital Image Processing, involving experiments on the analysis of various high-resolution satellite images and classification techniques (BARROS et al, 2013;ESTEVAM;SILVA, 2010;GUEGUEN, 2014;HOFMANN et al, 2008;NOVACK;FONSECA, 2009;MUSCI et al, 2013;REUSS, 2017;DE JESUS, 2019;STARK et al, 2020).…”

“…All studies with a regional scope, accounting for 17.1% of the total, were published in the last five years, starting in 2018. It is noteworthy that all of these studies selected some region within São Paulo State as their study area (DAUNT; DENALDI et al, 2018;ESCH et al, 2013;FEITOSA et al, 2021;FRIESEN et al, 2019;PASQUOTTO et al, 2018;REUSS, 2017;DE JESUS, 2019). Mahabir et al (2018) state that the launch of new satellites with high spatial resolution and no fees for image use has facilitated the expansion of urban remote sensing applications to larger areas.…”

“…At the international level, previous reports have already evaluated the effectiveness of applying remote sensing imagery for urban planning (NETZBAND; STEFANOV; REDMAN, 2007;WENG;QUATTROCHI, 2018). According to Almeida (2010), urban studies in Brazilian cities have used remote sensing data mainly in the following areas: (a) land use and land cover mapping (ALVES et al, 2009;DA COSTA et al, 2008;DE PINHO et al, 2012;KUX et al, 2011;NOVACK;FONSECA, 2009;UMMUS;NOVACK, 2011;RIBEIRO, 2019); (b) determination of housing quality and housing sectorization (DENALDI et al, 2018;FEITOSA et al, 2021;FIDELIS-MEDEIROS;GRIGIO, 2019;OLIVEIRA;MANSO;BARROS, 1978;DE JESUS, 2019); (c) socio-economic studies in population (BOGGIONE; SILVA; SILVA, 2019; MARINO JUNIOR, 2006); (d) inferences about the population and its distribution (AMARAL et al, 2005;ANAZAWA et al, 2020;CAMPOS et al, 2020;DÓRIA;MONTEIRO, 2016;GONÇALVES et al, 2006); (e) urban transport planning and management (MACHADO et al, 2014;MACHADO;DE ALBUQUERQUE NÓBREGA;QUINTANILHA, 2010;SOARES MACHADO;QUINTANILHA, 2019); (f) urban growth monitoring (ALMEIDA et al, 2005;ESPINDOLA;FAÇANHA, 2017;SPERANDELLI;DUPAS;…”