Identical, similar or different? Is a single brain model sufficient?

Schotten, Michel Thiebaut de; Shallice, Tim

doi:10.1016/j.cortex.2016.12.002

Cited by 26 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 42 publications

(41 reference statements)

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“…different phenotype), creating additional challenges in furthering the understanding of the brain and a lack of models to explain its functioning. [198][199][200][201] Studies have begun to explore and describe these pathways across large numbers of individuals. 24,117,202 Just as studies have found that individual differences in behaviour correlate with variation in local white matter microstructure, so, too, have tractography studies found that variations in the FIGURE 7 Correlations between individual differences in behavioural performance for a given task and variation in white matter microstructure.…”

Section: Functional Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of diffusion MRI in neuroscience

2017

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Diffusion‐weighted imaging has pushed the boundaries of neuroscience by allowing us to examine the white matter microstructure of the living human brain. By doing so, it has provided answers to fundamental neuroscientific questions, launching a new field of research that had been largely inaccessible. We briefly summarize key questions that have historically been raised in neuroscience concerning the brain's white matter. We then expand on the benefits of diffusion‐weighted imaging and its contribution to the fields of brain anatomy, functional models and plasticity. In doing so, this review highlights the invaluable contribution of diffusion‐weighted imaging in neuroscience, presents its limitations and proposes new challenges for future generations who may wish to exploit this powerful technology to gain novel insights.

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Section: Functional Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of diffusion MRI in neuroscience

2017

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“…However, the past two decades have been marked by the discovery of large interindividual variability in brain structure and function (i.e. different phenotype), creating additional challenges in furthering the understanding of the brain and a lack of models to explain its functioning [198][199][200][201] . Studies have begun to explore and describe these pathways across large numbers of individuals 24,116,202 .…”

Section: Part 2/ Functional Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of diffusion MRI in neuroscience

Assaf

Johansen‐Berg

Schotten

2017

Preprint

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Diffusion weighted imaging has further pushed the boundaries of neuroscience by allowing us to peer farther into the white matter microstructure of the living human brain. By doing so, it has provided answers to fundamental neuroscientific questions, launching a new field of research that had been largely inaccessible. We will briefly summarise key questions, that have historically been raised in neuroscience, concerning the brain’s white matter. We will then expand on the benefits of diffusion weighted imaging and its contribution to the fields of brain anatomy, functional models and plasticity. In doing so, this review will highlight the invaluable contribution of diffusion weighted imaging in neuroscience, present its limitations and put forth new challenges for the future generations who may wish to exploit this powerful technology to gain novel insights.

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“…A better understanding of variability is crucial to better recognise the underlying neuronal scaffold. While the cerebral white matter may not be a functional agent per se (see Innocenti et al 2017; Rockland 2020 for discussion), it constrains the brain's functional organisation (Bouhali et al, 2014;Thiebaut de Schotten et al, 2017) and leads to functional impairment or complete loss of function when severed (Geschwind et al 1965ab). Hence the study of the cerebral white matter, or connectional anatomy, may be an ideal surrogate measure to capture inter-individual variability in structure and function.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

White matter variability, cognition, and disorders: a systematic review

Forkel

Friedrich

Schotten

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Inter-individual differences can inform treatment procedures and - if accounted for - can significantly improve patient outcomes. However, when studying brain anatomy, these inter-individual variations are largely unaccounted for, despite reports of differences in gross anatomical features, cross-sectional and connectional anatomy. Brain connections are essential to mediate brain functional organisation and, when severed, cause functional impairments or complete loss of function. Hence the study of cerebral white matter may be an ideal compromise to capture inter-individual variability in structure and function. Here we reviewed the wealth of studies that associate functions and clinical symptoms with individual tracts using diffusion tractography. Our systematic review indicates that tractography has proven to be a sensitive method in neurology, psychiatry and healthy populations to identify variability and its functional correlates. However, the literature may be biased, as we identified that the most commonly reported tracts are not necessarily those with the highest sensitivity to cognitive functions and pathologies. Finally, we demonstrate that tracts, as we define them, are not usually correlated with only one, but rather multiple cognitive domains or pathologies. While our systematic review identified some methodological caveats, it also suggests that tract-function correlations might be a promising biomarker for precision medicine as it characterises variations in brain anatomy, differences in functional organisation and predict resilience or recovery in patients.

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Identical, similar or different? Is a single brain model sufficient?

Cited by 26 publications

References 42 publications

The role of diffusion MRI in neuroscience

The role of diffusion MRI in neuroscience

The role of diffusion MRI in neuroscience

White matter variability, cognition, and disorders: a systematic review

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