The role of diffusion MRI in neuroscience

Assaf, Yaniv; Johansen‐Berg, Heidi; Schotten, Michel Thiebaut de

doi:10.1101/140459

Cited by 41 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 205 publications

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“…Further development is needed to establish the anatomical validity of the indirect measures provided by neuroimaging [75] , but it is critical to emphasize that connectivity as measured using neuroimaging provides meaningful, replicable signals that, crucially, can capture information on the whole brain. This allows the recent development of looking at topographies of connectivity to explore which aspect of connectivity space is relevant to understanding any particular aspect of behavior, as we have described above.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Connectivity Fingerprints: From Areal Descriptions to Abstract Spaces

Mars

Passingham

Jbabdi

2018

Trends in Cognitive Sciences

151

125

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Fifteen years ago, Passingham and colleagues proposed that brain areas can be described in terms of their unique pattern of input and output connections with the rest of the brain, and that these connections are a crucial determinant of their function. We explore how the advent of neuroimaging of connectivity has allowed us to test and extend this proposal. We show that describing the brain in terms of an abstract connectivity space, as opposed to physical locations of areas, provides a natural and powerful framework for thinking about brain function and its variation across the brains of individuals, populations, and species.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Connectivity Fingerprints: From Areal Descriptions to Abstract Spaces

Mars

Passingham

Jbabdi

2018

Trends in Cognitive Sciences

151

125

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“…In contrast, few recent studies have used advanced qMRI metrics, such as MTV ( 29 ), to assess the microstructural properties of white matter tracts. FA is a reproducible metric with high sensitivity for detecting the tissue structural differences in white matter tracts ( 33 , 36 ). However, the microstructural interpretation of differences in FA is challenging because FA measurements can be associated with many biological factors, such as axon diameter, axon density, myelin-sheath thickness, and tightness of fasciculation due to crossing fibers ( 28 , 36 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microstructural properties of the vertical occipital fasciculus explain the variability in human stereoacuity

Oishi

Takemura

Aoki

et al. 2018

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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SignificanceSeeing in the three-dimensional world—stereopsis—is an innate human ability, but it varies substantially among individuals. The neurobiological basis of this variability is not understood. We combined diffusion and quantitative MRI imaging with a psychophysical measurements, and found that variability in stereoacuity is associated with microstructural differences in the right vertical occipital fasciculus, a white matter tract connecting dorsal and ventral visual cortex. This result suggests that the microstructure of the pathways that support information transmission across dorsal and ventral visual areas plays an important role human stereopsis.

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“…In addition, we employed the dual-fiber model, which accounts for crossing fibers in the brain, as opposed to the a single tensor model with a deterministic tracing algorithm, which only calculates a single principle diffusion direction in each voxel. Nevertheless, one must be wary of technical limitations and pitfalls in interpretation of white matter connectivity using diffusion weighted imaging ( Jbabdi et al, 2015 , Jones et al, 2013 ), as there is unlikely to be a one-to-one correspondence between diffusion parameter and the underlying tissue structure ( Assaf et al, 2017 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

White matter structural connectivity and episodic memory in early childhood

Ngo

Alm

Metoki

et al. 2017

Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience

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Episodic memory undergoes dramatic improvement in early childhood; the reason for this is poorly understood. In adults, episodic memory relies on a distributed neural network. Key brain regions that supporting these processes include the hippocampus, portions of the parietal cortex, and portions of prefrontal cortex, each of which shows different developmental profiles. Here we asked whether developmental differences in the axonal pathways connecting these regions may account for the robust gains in episodic memory in young children. Using diffusion weighted imaging, we examined whether white matter connectivity between brain regions implicated in episodic memory differed with age, and were associated with memory performance differences in 4- and 6-year-old children. Results revealed that white matter connecting the hippocampus to the inferior parietal lobule significantly predicted children’s performance on episodic memory tasks. In contrast, variation in the white matter connecting the hippocampus to the medial prefrontal cortex did not relate to memory performance. These findings suggest that structural connectivity between the hippocampus and lateral parietal regions is relevant to the development of episodic memory

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The role of diffusion MRI in neuroscience

Cited by 41 publications

References 205 publications

Connectivity Fingerprints: From Areal Descriptions to Abstract Spaces

Connectivity Fingerprints: From Areal Descriptions to Abstract Spaces

Microstructural properties of the vertical occipital fasciculus explain the variability in human stereoacuity

White matter structural connectivity and episodic memory in early childhood

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