ICTV Virus Taxonomy Profile: Iridoviridae

Chinchar, V. Gregory; Hick, Paul; İnce, İkbal Agah; Jancovich, James K.; Marschang, Rachel E.; Qin, Qiwei; Subramaniam, Kuttichantran; Waltzek, Thomas B.; Whittington, Richard J.; Williams, Trevor; Zhang, Qi-Ya

doi:10.1099/jgv.0.000818

Cited by 178 publications

(149 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…The current nomenclature can lead to error in taxonomy [42]. Most viruses are identified as "iridovirus", which may suggest that they belong to the Iridoviridae family; however, only frog virus 3 (FV3) is officially recognized as a member of Iridoviridae [43]. The other sNCLDV, not yet officially recognized by the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV), have shown closer similarity with Mimiviridae [44].…”

Section: Sturgeon Nucleocytoplasmic Large Dna Viruses (Sncldv)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Old and the New on Viral Diseases in Sturgeon

et al. 2020

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Although sturgeon production by aquaculture has increased worldwide, a major factor limiting its expansion are infectious diseases, although few data about viral diseases are available however. This review provides a rapid overview of viral agents detected and described to date. Following a general introduction on viral diseases are four sections arranged by virus classification: sturgeon nucleocytoplasmic large DNA viruses, herpesviruses, white sturgeon adenovirus 1, and other viruses. Molecular diagnosis is currently the best tool to detect viral diseases, since cell culture isolation is not yet applicable for the detection of most sturgeon viruses.

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Section: Sturgeon Nucleocytoplasmic Large Dna Viruses (Sncldv)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The exception is Frog Virus 3 (FV3), the only member of the Iridoviridae family currently known to cause infection in sturgeon. FV3 is officially recognized by the ICTV as the type species of the genus Ranavirus (family Iridoviridae, subfamily Alphairidovirinae) [43]. Sturgeon are not the only fish infected by FV3.…”

Section: Frog Virus 3 (Fv3)mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Old and the New on Viral Diseases in Sturgeon

et al. 2020

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“…The most common family present in almost all non-embryonic datasets was Iridoviridae, which belongs to the group of linear dsDNA viruses. Known hosts of Iridoviridae include amphibians, fish, reptiles, insects and crustaceans [51]. None of the identified sequences of Iridoviridae representatives was neither mapped in Artemia libraries, nor amplified from Artemia cDNA, which confirms that these dsDNA viruses are actively expressed and specific to Nematostella, or organisms comprising this holobiont, rather than food derived.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Initial virome characterization of the common cnidarian lab model Nematostella vectensis

Lewandowska

Hazan

Moran

2020

Preprint

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The role of viruses in forming a stable holobiont has been a subject of extensive research in the recent years. However, many emerging model organisms still lack any data on the composition of the associated viral communities. Here, we re-analyzed seven publicly available transcriptome datasets of the starlet sea anemone Nematostella vectensis, the most commonly used anthozoan lab model, and searched for viral sequences. We applied a straightforward, yet powerful approach of de novo assembly followed by homology-based virus identification and a multi-step, thorough taxonomic validation. The comparison of different lab populations of N. vectensis revealed the existence of the core virome composed of 21 viral sequences, present in all adult datasets. Unexpectedly, we observed almost complete lack of viruses in the samples from the early developmental stages which together with the identification of the viruses shared with the major source of the food in the lab, the brine shrimp Artemia salina, shed new light on the course of viral species acquisition in N. vectensis. Our study provides an initial, yet comprehensive insight into N. vectensis virome and sets the first foundation for functional studies of viruses and antiviral systems in this lab model cnidarian.

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“…Megalocytivirus belongs to the family Iridoviridae and is one of the most virulent viruses in marine and freshwater fish (Chinchar et al., ). The first megalocytiviral infection was reported in red sea bream ( Pagrus major ) in Japan in 1990 (Inouye et al., ).…”

Section: Pairwise Comparison Of Genetic Diversities Between Megalocytmentioning

confidence: 99%

A natural infection by the red sea bream iridovirus‐type Megalocytivirus in the golden mandarin fish Siniperca scherzeri

Kim

Hwang

Cho

et al. 2018

Journal of Fish Diseases

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An outbreak of a Megalocytivirus infection was found in the golden mandarin fish Siniperca scherzeri during September and October 2016, in Korea. Phylogeny and genetic diversity based on the major capsid protein (MCP) and adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) genes showed a new strain. Designated as GMIV, this strain derived from the golden mandarin fish was suggested to belong to the red sea bream iridovirus (RSIV)-subgroup I. Additionally, this train clustered with the ehime-1 strain from red sea bream Pagrus major in Japan and was distinguished from circulating isolates (RSIV-type subgroup II and turbot reddish body iridovirus [TRBIV] type) in Korea. The infection level, evaluated by qPCR, ranged from 8.18 × 10 to 7.95 × 10 copies/mg of tissue individually, suggesting that the infected fish were in the disease-transmitting stage. The diseased fish showed degenerative changes associated with cytomegaly in the spleen as general sign of Megalocytivirus infection. The results confirm that the RSIV-type Megalocytivirus might have crossed the environmental and species barriers to cause widespread infection in freshwater fish.

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ICTV Virus Taxonomy Profile: Iridoviridae

Cited by 178 publications

References 7 publications

The Old and the New on Viral Diseases in Sturgeon

The Old and the New on Viral Diseases in Sturgeon

Initial virome characterization of the common cnidarian lab model Nematostella vectensis

A natural infection by the red sea bream iridovirus‐type Megalocytivirus in the golden mandarin fish Siniperca scherzeri

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