“…Yet, and this is our third finding, the data collection tools, usually questionnaires, used in research focusing on cheating in exams are either absent from the research papers (Do Ba et al, 2017;Olafson, Schraw, Nadelson, Nadelson & Kehrwald 2013;Trushell, Byrne & Hassan, 2013), presented in part (Babaii & Nejadghanbar, 2017;Dawson, 2016;Denisova-Schmidt, Huber & Leontyeva, 2016) or, with a few exceptions (Côté, 2014;Foudjio Tchouata et al, 2014;Guibert & Michaut, 2009;Michaut, 2013), written in a language other than French. Moreover, when questionnaires are included, either totally or in part, little information is available about their development and their psychometric properties.…”