Abstract. The effect of molecular rotation on the degree of polarization of the fluorescence emitted by H-atoms that are obtained by photopredissociation of H2 into H(n = 3) + H(1S) has been observed. The H2 molecules are excited to predissociative excited states with a well defined rotational quantum number by absorption of a photon in the wavelength range of 720-750 A. The molecular rotational motion is clearly seen to reduce the polarization. In one case the polarization vanishes, which is attributed to a P(1) rotational line of a 1S-1S transition, which cannot be explained classically. Quantum mechanical calculations with relatively simple expressions and explicit values of the polarization of atomic fluorescence are presented. PACS: 33.80.6j; 33.20.Ni
L IntroductionSince the pioneering theoretical prediction by Van Brunt and Zare [1] in 1968, a large number of experimental [~11] and theoretical t-12-20] studies on the polarization of the light emitted by photofragments have been performed, for direct photodissociation. The effect of molecular rotation on the polarization of the fluorescence has first been studied qualitatively [21] then classically [22] and recently quantum mechanically [18][19][20].In this work the effect of molecular rotation on the polarization of photofragment fluorescence is demonstrated experimentally. Measured values of the polarization of the light emitted by H-atoms produced via photopredissociation of individual rotational states in H2 are presented. The rotational energy levels of the involved predissociative states are well-separated, which implies that the dissociation process is slow in comparison to Photodissociation of H2 into H*(n = 3)+ H(1S) is known to lead to emission of Balmer-~ (Ha) (n = 3 ~ n = 2) radiation at a wavelength of 6563 A [23]. For excitation of H2 with incident photons with a wavelength smaller than 748.5 A(threshold for production of H* (n = 3) + H(1S)) the Ha fluorescence intensity exhibits important structures. These structures have been attributed to excitation of H2 to high vibrational levels of low Rydberg states with a well-defined rotational angular momentum J [23]. Excitation to these states allows the study of the influence of molecular rotation on the polarization of the photofragment fluorescence.The experiments were performed at room temperature for which only the first four rotational levels of H2 are noticeably populated, the involved values of J are thus very low.
II. ExperimentalThe incident radiation used to photodissociate Hz is the synchrotron radiation from the SuperACO storage ring in Orsay, monochromatized by a 3 m normal-incidence Balzers monochromator equipped with a 2200 lines/ram grating. The geometry of the successive focussing mirrors and the grating allow only reflections for the VUV radiation, in a vertical plane, perpendicular to the E vector of the synchrotron light, keeping the original polarization value (and even increasing it). The effective polarization is better than 95% [241. The VUV radiation crosses a 15 cm lon...