Ice Loads on a Lattice Tower Estimated by Weather Station Data

Large-scale measurements and numerical simulations of in-cloud icing around a mountain ridge

“…Usually, no collection of ice data is performed before a construction is erected in such an environment favorable of in-cloud icing. The result is often operational problems and failures, as shown by a collapse of 13 TV towers in the United States alone due to ice loads during a 20-year period (Sundin and Makkonen, 1998). A power line in western Norway, which experienced serious icing and failure, was re-erected in a parallel section at a 48 m lower altitude than the original line.…”

Analysis on the characteristics of particles spectral of ice caused by freezing rain in Nan-yue mountain of Hunan Province

“…Jones studied the ice thickness in different return periods with freezing rain in America and Canada, providing a basis for the design of overhead transmission line [1]. Makkonen explored the rela-tionship between ice thickness of wire and the meteorological factors, and established several numerical models for icing calculation [2][3]. In China, the study on transmission line icing mainly focused on the effects of various parameters for transmission line icing, and on ice melting for AC/DC transmission lines [4][5][6][7][8][9][10].…”

Numerical and experimental studies of the mechanical behaviour at the ice/aluminium interface =

“…Since the 1980s, plenty of research has focused on the modeling of ice accretion on different objects: icing on road surfaces [89], transmission line icing [38, 41, 54, 69 and 75], nonrotating cylinders [67 and 70], and other objects [93].…”