Xema, afoxi-class gene expressed in the gastrula stageXenopusectoderm, is required for the suppression of mesendoderm

Suri, Crystal; Haremaki, Tomomi; Weinstein, Daniel C.

doi:10.1242/dev.01865

Cited by 49 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…Since the animal cytoplasm of the oocyte is inherited by blastomeres that are progenitors of ectodermal structures, we next analyzed the effect of Dvl2 or 3 depletion on markers of ectodermal fate. The zygotic transcription factor Foxi1e is known to function in maintenance of the regional identity of the animal cap cells (Suri et al, 2005;Mir et al, 2007). Single depletion of either Dvl2 or Dvl3 transcripts by either antisense or morpholino oligo resulted in a dramatic up-regulation of Foxi1e mRNA expression during gastrulation (Fig.…”

Section: Maternal Depletion Of Dvl2 or Dvl3 Results In Similar Phenotmentioning

confidence: 96%

The functions of maternal Dishevelled 2 and 3 in the Early Xenopus embryo

Tadjuidje¹,

Cha²,

Louza³

et al. 2011

Developmental Dynamics

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Of the three Dishevelled (Dvl) genes, only Dvl2 and Dvl3 are maternally encoded in the frog, Xenopus laevis. We show here by loss of function analysis that single depletion of either Dvl2 or Dvl3 from the oocyte causes the same embryonic phenotype. We find that the effects of loss of function of Dvl2 and 3 together are additive, and that the proteins physically interact, suggesting that both are required in the same complex. We show that maternal Dvl2 and 3 are required for convergence extension movements downstream of the dorsally localized signaling pathway activated by Xnr3, but not downstream of the pathway activated by activin. Also, depletion of maternal Dvl2 and 3 mRNAs causes the up-regulation of a subset of zygotic ectodermal genes, including Foxi1e, with surprisingly no significant effect on the canonical Wnt direct target genes Siamois and Xnr3. We suggest that the likely reason for continued expression of the Wnt target genes in Dvl2/3-depleted embryos is that maternal Dvl mRNA depletion is insufficient to deplete stored punctae of Dvl protein in the oocyte cortex, which may transduce dorsal signaling after fertilization.

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Section: Maternal Depletion Of Dvl2 or Dvl3 Results In Similar Phenotmentioning

confidence: 96%

The functions of maternal Dishevelled 2 and 3 in the Early Xenopus embryo

Tadjuidje¹,

Cha²,

Louza³

et al. 2011

Developmental Dynamics

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“…To address this issue, we examined whether foxi1 knockdown leads to the loss of MCCs at earlier stages. At stage 22, ae1 or pendrin expression was drastically decreased, but a-tubulin expression was not or only slightly affected, by the translation-blocking foxi1 MOs (MO1 plus MO2) 26 or the spliceblocking foxi1 MO (SBMO) 25 ( Supplementary Fig. 4).…”

Section: Xenopus Mab21-l3 Is Expressed In Both Mccs and A-ionocytesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The expression was first detected in the presumptive ectoderm in the animal region at the early gastrula stage (stage 10.5), and became restricted to the ventral ectoderm with a spotted pattern at the late gastrula stage (stage 12/13). At neurula and tailbud stages (stage [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30], mab21-l3 is expressed in the epidermis with a salt-and-pepper pattern.…”

Section: Xenopus Mab21-l3 Is Expressed In Both Mccs and A-ionocytesmentioning

confidence: 99%

mab21-l3 regulates cell fate specification of multiciliate cells and ionocytes

et al. 2015

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Cell fate specifications of multiciliate cells (MCCs) and ionocytes are commonly suppressed by the Notch pathway in developing epithelia, but are governed by different master regulators, suggesting the existence of a common regulator linking the Notch pathway to both MCC and ionocyte specifications. Here we show that a mab21 family gene, mab21-l3, represents the missing link. In Xenopus embryonic epidermis, mab21-l3 expression is specifically found in MCCs and ionocytes and is downregulated by the Notch pathway. Knockdown of mab21-l3 in Xenopus downregulates both MCC-specific and ionocyte-specific master genes, resulting in drastic loss of MCCs and ionocytes. In mouse tracheal epithelial cells, mab21-l3 expression is also downregulated by the Notch pathway and is required for MCC differentiation. Moreover, conditional gain of function of mab21-l3 rescues Notchinduced loss of MCCs and ionocytes in Xenopus. These results indicate that mab21-l3 acts downstream of the Notch pathway in cell fate specifications of MCCs and ionocytes.

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“…69 In a similar vein, morpholino-based inhibition of slug/snail2, snail1 or twist expression leads to the inhibition of antipodean and xbra expression, myotome and neural crest formation. 22,69,70 the expression of Nodal-type TGFb family secreted proteins, while animally localized B1-Sox proteins, as well as other factors, such as Ectodermin, 54 Coco 55,56 and Xema, 57 all targets of Sox3 regulation, act to restrict the extent of Nodal signaling. 3 This VegT/Nodal cascade leads to the zygotic expression of a number of genes, among which are those that encode the T-box transcription factors Eomesodermin, 58 Brachyury (there are in fact three distinct brachyury genes in Xenopus), 59-61 the zygotic splice variant of VegT, known as Antipodean, 62,63 and the T-box transcription factors Tbx6 and Tbx6-related.…”

Section: Neural Crest Induction and Migration In Xenopusmentioning

confidence: 99%