<i>Vibrio parahaemolyticus</i>Infections in the United States, 1973–1998

Daniels, Nicholas A.; Mackinnon, Linda; Bishop, Richard D.; Altekruse, Sean F.; Ray, Beverly; Hammond, Roberta; Thompson, Sharon; Wilson, Susan; Bean, Nancy H.; Griffin, Patricia M.; Slutsker, Laurence

doi:10.1086/315459

Cited by 562 publications

(395 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Otros serotipos como O4:K68, O1: KNT (no tipificable), O1:K25, O1:K41, O4:K12, han emergido en diversas regiones del mundo, determinán-dose por variados estudios moleculares su asociación genética con el clon pandémico O3:K6 37,38,9 .…”

Section: Aspectos Microbiológicosunclassified

“…En E.U.A en una serie de pacientes con infección por este agente, 59% presentó diarrea, 34% infección de heridas, 5 % síndrome séptico y 2% tuvieron otras manifestaciones 9 . En Chile hasta el momento no se han reportado infecciones extraintestinales.…”

Section: Características Clínicasunclassified

“…Desde entonces ha adquirido un rol más protagónico como agente causal de infección gastrointestinal relacionada al consumo de mariscos crudos o insuficientemente cocidos. Se han reportado brotes epidémicos en diversas regiones como Asia, las Américas y Europa (España) 8,9,10 .…”

Section: Introduccciónunclassified

“…Las manifestaciones clínicas son dolor abdominal (89%), náuseas (76%), vómitos (55%) y fiebre (52%) 9 . En un tercio de los casos se puede encontrar leucocitos fecales positivos, manifestación más frecuente en India y Bangladesh 1 .…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

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Revisión y recomendaciones para el manejo de diarrea por Vibrio parahaemolyticus

et al. 2005

Rev. chil. infectol.

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In Chile Vibrio parahaemolyticus has been detected in 3 gastroenteritis outbreaks since 1998. The most recent outbreak occurred during the summer of 2005, affecting over 10.000 people of whom one died. Affected individuals presented with one or more of the following symptoms: diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain and/or fever. Fecal white blood cells were detected in only 6% of patients. The predominant serotype in the 3 outbreaks was the pandemic O3:K6 strain. Diagnosis was confirmed by isolation and identification of V. parahaemolyticus in stool cultures and/or by establishing an epidemiological link. V. parahaemolyticus isolates were 100% susceptible to tetracycline, ciprofloxacin and chloramphenicol, and universally resistant to ampicillin. Due to the public health impact of the 2005 outbreak, the Ministry of Health called for a National Task Force mandated to review epidemiological, clinical and microbiological features of the outbreak and to propose management guidelines.Key words: Vibrio; Vibrio parahaemolyticus; Foodborne disease; Seafood; Diarrhea; Diarrhea outbreak.Palabras claves: Vibrio; Vibrio parahaemolyticus; Enfermedad transmitida por alimentos; Mariscos; Diarrea; Brote epidémico de diarrea.El género Vibrio, de la familia Vibrionaceae, posee más de 48 especies, y su taxonomía está en constante revisión gracias a la incorporación de técnicas de biología molecular. Al menos 12 de ellas son patógenas para el hombre y varias son también patógenas para animales tanto vertebrados como invertebrados 6 (Tabla 1).El hábitat natural de V. parahaemolyticus está en las aguas marinas costeras, especialmente los estuarios, las que representan su reservorio. La población microbiana es afectada por los cambios en la temperatura, salinidad, disponibilidad de nutrientes y su asociación con animales marinos. La temperatura óptima para su desarrollo es entre 20 y 30º C, la que permite una mayor concentración de bacterias; bajo 20º C disminuye IntroduccciónDurante mucho tiempo el interés de los médi-cos clínicos se ha centrado en Vibrio cholerae, responsable de brotes de gran magnitud con una alta letalidad, especialmente en países en desarrollo 1 . En la última década han emergido otros Vibrio productores de enfermedades que, aunque generalmente de menor severidad, tienen la capacidad de producir importantes brotes epidé-micos, como Vibrio parahaemolyticus 2 .La infección por Vibrio es adquirida por la vía oral o por inoculación a través de piel no intacta 3 , afectando así al tracto digestivo, y produciendo ocasionalmente infecciones cutáneas y síndromes sépticos 4,5 .

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Section: Aspectos Microbiológicosunclassified

Section: Características Clínicasunclassified

Section: Introduccciónunclassified

Section: Introductionunclassified

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Revisión y recomendaciones para el manejo de diarrea por Vibrio parahaemolyticus

et al. 2005

Rev. chil. infectol.

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“…Enteropathogenic bacteria may be present in the tissues of bivalves in concentrations higher than in the source water, and since oysters are usually eaten raw they are highly correlated with gastrointestinal disorders 8 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Vibrio cholerae in oyster, Crassostrea rhizophorae, collected from a natural nursery in the Cocó river estuary, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil

Sousa¹,

Vieira²,

Menezes³

et al. 2004

Rev. Inst. Med. trop. S. Paulo

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SUMMARYOysters are edible organisms that are often ingested partially cooked or even raw, presenting therefore a very high risk to the consumers' health, especially in tropical regions. The presence of Vibrio cholerae and Vibrio parahaemolyticus in oysters sampled at an estuary in the Brazilian northeastern region was studied, with 300 oysters tested through an 8-months period. The salinity of the water at the sampling point varied between 3% and 27‰. V. cholerae was the most frequently detected species (33.3% of the samples), and of the 22 V. cholerae isolates, 20 were identified as non-O1/non-O139, with two of the colonies presenting a rough surface and most of remaining ones belonging to the Heiberg II fermentation group. V. parahaemolyticus was isolated from just one of the samples. Other bacteria such as Providencia spp., Klebsiella spp. and Morganella morganii were also isolated.

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Emergence of a New Vibrio parahaemolyticus Serotype in Raw Oysters

Daniels

Ray²,

Easton³

et al. 2000

JAMA

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146

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This is the first reported outbreak of V parahaemolyticus serotype O3:K6 infection in the United States. The emergence of a virulent serotype and elevated seawater temperatures and salinity levels may have contributed to this large multistate outbreak of V parahaemolyticus. Bacteriologic monitoring at harvest sites did not prevent this outbreak, suggesting that current policy and regulations regarding the safety of raw oysters require reevaluation. Consumers and physicians should understand that raw or undercooked oysters can cause illness even if harvested from monitored beds. In patients who develop acute gastroenteritis within 4 days of consuming raw or undercooked oysters, a stool specimen should be tested for Vibrio species using specific media. JAMA. 2000;284:1541-1545.

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Vibrio parahaemolyticusInfections in the United States, 1973–1998

Cited by 562 publications

References 17 publications

Revisión y recomendaciones para el manejo de diarrea por Vibrio parahaemolyticus

Revisión y recomendaciones para el manejo de diarrea por Vibrio parahaemolyticus

Detection of Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Vibrio cholerae in oyster, Crassostrea rhizophorae, collected from a natural nursery in the Cocó river estuary, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil

Emergence of a New Vibrio parahaemolyticus Serotype in Raw Oysters

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