<i>Trichomonas vaginalis</i>and<i>Mycoplasma genitalium:</i>age-specific prevalence and disease burden in men attending a sexually transmitted infections clinic in Amsterdam, the Netherlands: Table 1

Veer, Charlotte van der; Rooijen, Martijn S. van; Himschoot, M; Vries, Henry J. C. de; Bruisten, SM

doi:10.1136/sextrans-2015-052118

Cited by 26 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 10 publications

(11 reference statements)

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“…In Amsterdam, prevalence in men reporting symptoms of urethritis was 5.9%. [ 5 ] The high prevalence we found and the increase of azithromycin resistance in numerous studies confirms the need for routine detection of MG in patients with urethritis, preferably combined with resistance testing.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 61%

Prevalence of Mycoplasma genitalium in men with urethritis in a large public hospital in Brussels, Belgium: An observational, cross-sectional study

Libois

Hallin²,

Crucitti

et al. 2018

PLoS ONE

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BackgroundMycoplasma genitalium (MG) is a cause of urethritis. While resistance to azithromycin is increasing, routine detection of MG is not performed in Belgium, where its prevalence is unknown. The aim of this study is to determine prevalence of MG in men with urethritis.Method and findingsAn “in-house” amplification assay detecting MG was performed on urine of men with complaints of urethritis who consulted the emergency unit or the Sexually Transmitted Infection clinic of our public hospital in Brussels. Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) and Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG) were tested on the same sample. A total of 187 men were tested. Prevalence of MG was 9% (95% Confidence Interval: 5 to 13.2%). CT was detected in 20%, NG in 22% and 56% of samples were negative for these three pathogens. Neither age, ethnic origin, sexual orientation nor HIV infection were associated with MG urethritis.ConclusionM. genitalium was identified in 9% of men with complaints of urethritis indicating that amplification assay detecting MG should be implemented in routine testing for those patients.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 61%

Prevalence of Mycoplasma genitalium in men with urethritis in a large public hospital in Brussels, Belgium: An observational, cross-sectional study

Libois

Hallin²,

Crucitti

et al. 2018

PLoS ONE

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“…Another study of a nationally representative sample Benin and Yaoundé, Cameroon) among a random sample of 8,000 adults (2,000 in each city), aged 15-49 years showed a prevalence of T. vaginalis respectively of 29.3% in Kisumu, 34.3% in Ndola, 3.2% in Cotonou and 17.6% in Yaoundé. Early sexual debut (before age 15) was a significantly risk factor associated with T. vaginalis infection in women in Ndola In the Netherlands in 2014, the overall prevalence of T. vaginalis infection among 1,204 heterosexual men and MSM was respectively 1.1% and 0.0%[34], nearing our results. Reasons of prevalence disparities between FSW and MSM are not clear and the hypotheses are not confirmed.One of the most likely hypotheses is that T. vaginalis probably does not develop in the rectum and is therefore not often present in MSM[35].…”

supporting

confidence: 79%

Prevalence and factors associated with Trichomonas vaginalis infection among men who have sex with men and female sex workers in Togo, 2017.

Tchankoni¹,

Sadio²,

Gbeasor-Komlanvi³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence and factors associated with Trichomonas vaginalis (T. vaginalis) among men who have sex with men (MSM) and female sex workers (FSW) in Togo in 2017. A cross-sectional bio-behavioral study was conducted from August to October 2017 using a respondent-driven sampling method in four cities in Togo. Methods A standardized questionnaire was used to record socio-demographic data and sexual behavior patterns. T. vaginalis detection by molecular biology tests was performed using Allplex STI Essential Assay which detect also 6 others micro-organisms. A blood sample was drawn and serological test using SD Bioline Duo VIH/Syphilis rapid test was performed for HIV and syphilis testing. Results A total of 517 key populations including 310 FSW and 207 MSM with median age 24 years, interquartile range (IQR) [20–28 years] were included. The overall prevalence of T. vaginalis, HIV, Mycoplasma genitalium, Chlamydia trachomatis (C. trachomatis), Neisseria gonorrhoeae were 3.9%, 16.8%, 9.3%, 7.5% and 7.2% respectively. T. vaginalis prevalence among FSW was 6.5% (95%CI= [4.1–9.9]) and 0.0% (95%CI= [0.0-2.3]) among MSM. Logistic regression was conducted to identify factors associated with T. vaginalis infection. Living in Lomé (AOR = 3.19; 95%CI= [1.11–11.49]), having had sexual intercourse before the age of 18 (AOR = 5.72; 95%CI= [1.13–10.89]), and being infected with C. trachomatis (AOR = 3.74; 95%CI= [2.95–12.25]) were factors associated with T. vaginalis among FSW. Conclusion The prevalence of T. vaginalis infection using molecular test was low among MSM and FSW in Togo. Extensive studies are needed to confirm and better understand the epidemiology of T. vaginalis in these populations and in other populations in Togo.

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“…The summary average prevalence in these studies was 3.2% (95% CI 2.1% to 5.1%, I 2 78.3%) with moderate between study heterogeneity. The summary average estimate of M. genitalium prevalence in MSM enrolled from clinics in Germany 3, 56 the Netherlands 2, 55 Norway 5 36 and USA 3 35 was 3.7% (95% CI 2.4% to 5.6%, I 2 78.5%).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Mycoplasma genitalium in different population groups: systematic review andmeta-analysis

et al. 2018

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BackgroundMycoplasma genitalium is a common cause of non-gonococcal non-chlamydial urethritis and cervicitis. Testing of asymptomatic populations has been proposed, but prevalence in asymptomatic populations is not well established. We aimed to estimate the prevalence of M. genitalium in the general population, pregnant women, men who have sex with men (MSM), commercial sex workers (CSWs) and clinic-based samples.MethodsWe searched Embase, Medline, IndMED, African Index Medicus and LILACS from 1 January 1991 to 12 July 2016 without language restrictions. We included studies with 500 participants or more. Two reviewers independently screened and selected studies and extracted data. We examined forest plots and conducted random-effects meta-analysis to estimate prevalence, if appropriate. Between-study heterogeneity was examined using the I2 statistic and meta-regression.ResultsOf 3316 screened records, 63 were included. In randomly selected samples from the general population, the summary prevalence was 1.3% (95% CI 1.0% to 1.8%, I2 41.5%, three studies, 9091 people) in countries with higher levels of development and 3.9% (95% CI 2.2 to 6.7, I2 89.2%, three studies, 3809 people) in countries with lower levels. Prevalence was similar in women and men (P=0.47). In clinic based samples, prevalence estimates were higher, except in asymptomatic patients (0.8%, 95% CI 0.4 to 1.4, I2 0.0%, three studies, 2889 people). Summary prevalence estimates were, in the following groups: pregnant women 0.9% (95% CI 0.6% to 1.4%, I2 0%, four studies, 3472 people), MSM in the community 3.2% (95% CI 2.1 to 5.1, I2 78.3%, five studies, 3012 people) and female CSWs in the community 15.9% (95% CI 13.5 to 18.9, I2 79.9%, four studies, 4006 people).DiscussionThis systematic review can inform testing guidelines for M. genitalium. The low estimated prevalence of M. genitalium in the general population, pregnant women and asymptomatic attenders at clinics does not support expansion of testing to these groups.Registration numbersPROSPERO: CRD42015020420

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Trichomonas vaginalisandMycoplasma genitalium:age-specific prevalence and disease burden in men attending a sexually transmitted infections clinic in Amsterdam, the Netherlands: Table 1

Cited by 26 publications

References 10 publications

Prevalence of Mycoplasma genitalium in men with urethritis in a large public hospital in Brussels, Belgium: An observational, cross-sectional study

Prevalence of Mycoplasma genitalium in men with urethritis in a large public hospital in Brussels, Belgium: An observational, cross-sectional study

Prevalence and factors associated with Trichomonas vaginalis infection among men who have sex with men and female sex workers in Togo, 2017.

Prevalence of Mycoplasma genitalium in different population groups: systematic review andmeta-analysis

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