<i>Serpula himantioides, Heterobasidion annosum</i>and<i>Calocera viscosa</i>as butt rot fungi in a Danish Douglas‐fir stand

Koch, Jeff D.; Thomsen, Iben Margrete

doi:10.1046/j.1439-0329.2003.00302.x

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Although relatively many studies have investigated the ecological effects of Douglas fir cultivation in Europe, several questions have not been answered yet or only insufficiently. For example, although it is clear that plantations of Douglas fir are susceptible to many root and butt rot fungi (Koch and Thomsen 2003;Ronnberg et al 1999;Greig et al 2001), little is known about the Douglas fir wood decay fungal community in Europe (Cornelissen et al 2012;Deflorio et al 2008). The available knowledge is sketchy, also because long-term experimental studies controlling for the many confounding factors in semi-natural and planted forests are rare (Ro_ zen et al 2010;Hobbie et al 2006).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecological consequences of Douglas fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) cultivation in Europe

2013

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Douglas fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco) was first introduced to Europe from North America more than 150 years ago, was then planted on a large scale and is now the economically most important exotic tree species in European forests. This literature review summarizes the current knowledge on the effects of Douglas fir on soil chemistry, plants, arthropods and fungi. Douglas fir shapes its abiotic environment similarly to native tree species such as Norway spruce, silver fir or European beech. In general, many organisms have been shown to be able to live together with Douglas fir and in some cases even benefit from its presence. Although the number of species of the ground vegetation and that of arthropod communities is similar to those of native conifer species, fungal diversity is reduced by Douglas fir. Special microclimatic conditions in the crown of Douglas fir can lead to reduced arthropod densities during winter with possible negative consequences for birds. The ecological impacts of Douglas fir are in general not as severe as those of other exotic tree species, e.g., Pinus spp. in South Africa and Ailanthus altissima, Prunus serotina and Robinia pseudoacacia in Europe. Nonetheless, Douglas fir can negatively impact single groups of organisms or species and is now regenerating itself naturally in Europe. Although Douglas fir has not been the subject of large-scale outbreaks of pests in Europe so far, the further introduction of exotic organisms associated with Douglas fir in its native range could be more problematic than the introduction of Douglas fir itself.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecological consequences of Douglas fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) cultivation in Europe

2013

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“…Basal sections were dominated by endophytic, pathogenic, and butt rot fungi, such as Heterobasidion annosum , Phaeomollisia piceae , and Serpula himantioides . These fungi typically colonize living trees via the stem that is in contact with the soil, and continue to decay the wood after felling or tree death (Koch and Thomsen ). However, although these fungi were dominant at the time of tree cutting, their abundances fell after 1 yr of decomposition, and their influence on overall fungal community composition (i.e., the difference between the composition at the bottom and the top of logs) had diminished by this time (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Patterns of natural fungal community assembly during initial decay of coniferous and broadleaf tree logs

et al. 2016

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Abstract. Community assembly processes do not only influence community structure, but can also affect ecosystem processes. To understand the effect of initial community development on ecosystem processes, we studied natural fungal community dynamics during initial wood decay. We hypothesize that fungal community assembly dynamics are driven by strong priority effects of early-arriving species, which lead to predictable successional patterns and wood decay rates. Alternatively, equivalent colonization success of randomly arriving spores has the potential to drive stochastic community composition and wood decay rates over time. To test these competing hypotheses, we explored the changes in fungal community composition in logs of two tree species (one coniferous and one broadleaf) during the early stages of wood decomposition in a common garden approach. Initial communities were characterized by endophytic fungi, which were highly diverse and variable among logs. Over the first year of decomposition, there was little evidence for priority effects, as early colonizers displaced the endophytic species, and diversity fell as logs were dominated by a few fungal species. During this period, the composition of colonizing fungi was related to the decomposition rates of sapwood. During the second year of decomposition, fungal community composition shifted drastically and the successional dynamics varied considerably between tree species. Variation in fungal community composition among coniferous (Larix kaempferi) logs increased, and there remained no evidence for any priority effects as community composition became stochastic. In contrast, early colonizers still dominated many of the deciduous (Quercus rubra) logs, with a temporally consistent impact on community composition. For both tree species, wood decay rates levelled off and the relationship with fungal community composition disappeared. Our results indicate that priority effects are relatively minimal in naturally occurring fungal community assembly processes. Instead, fungal successional dynamics are governed predominantly by combative abilities of colonizing fungi, and factors that shape fungal communities over time can differ considerably between tree species. Our results indicate that an increased focus of competitive strength among species, rather than priority effects, may be key to predict community assembly and the ecosystem process they provide.

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“…A recent phylogenetic study of S. himantioides reported five major clades as phylogenetic species (PS1-PS5) of which, PS1 is found in South America, PS2 and PS3 include isolates from North America only, PS4 is dominant in North America and Europe, and PS5 is found in most continents [11]. S. himantioides infects a wide range of woody plant species, including Japanese larch (Larix kaempferi); Douglas fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) in Germany [12]; P. menziesii in Denmark [13]; white spruce (Picea glauca), black spruce (Picea mariana), and balsam fir (Abies balsamea) in Canada [14]; and A. balsamea and red spruce (Picea rubens) in the USA [15]. Recently, butt rot caused by S. himantioides was found in the living trees of Sawara cypress (Chamaecyparis pisifera), a major plantation species in Japan (Figure 1) [16,17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection and Quantification of Serpula himantioides in the Wood of Chamaecyparis pisifera Butt Rot Trees by Real-Time PCR

Haraguchi

Hirao

Yamada

2022

Forests

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Serpula himantioides is a wood-decaying fungal pathogen which is widespread and causes potentially serious butt rot in living trees of numerous coniferous plantation species. This study aimed to quantify S. himantioides in the wood of Sawara cypress (Chamaecyparis pisifera) with butt rot using real-time polymerase chain reaction (real-time PCR). Species–specific primers were designed for the internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) regions of ribosomal DNA (rDNA) of S. himantioides. The specificity of the designed primer set was tested by end-point PCR and amplicon sequencing. End-point PCR assays were positive for S. himantioides and negative for S. lacrymans, which belongs to the same genus as S. himantioides, Coniophora puteana of the same family as S. himantioides, and other wood decay fungi. Taxonomy assignment based on amplicon sequencing detected only Serpula spp., and most of them were identified as S. himantioides. The linearity of the calibration curve for absolute quantification by real-time PCR assays was confirmed in the range from 101 to 108 copies. This molecular assay method using real-time PCR could detect trace amounts of S. himantioides in decayed wood, showing the applicability for early diagnostics of butt rot emergence in forests.

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Serpula himantioides, Heterobasidion annosumandCalocera viscosaas butt rot fungi in a Danish Douglas‐fir stand

Cited by 7 publications

References 7 publications

Ecological consequences of Douglas fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) cultivation in Europe

Ecological consequences of Douglas fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) cultivation in Europe

Patterns of natural fungal community assembly during initial decay of coniferous and broadleaf tree logs

Detection and Quantification of Serpula himantioides in the Wood of Chamaecyparis pisifera Butt Rot Trees by Real-Time PCR

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