<i>Salmonella</i> Newport outbreak in Brazilian parrots: confiscated birds from the illegal pet trade as possible zoonotic sources

Saidenberg, André Becker Simões; Stegger, Marc; Semmler, Torsten; Rocha, V G P; Cunha, Marcos Paulo Vieira; Souza, Vanessa Aparecida Feijó de; Menão, Márcia Cristina; Milanelo, Liliane; Petri, Bruno Simões Sérgio; Knöbl, Terezinha

doi:10.1111/1758-2229.12984

Cited by 7 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Pathways associated with resistance of antimicrobial drugs such as polymyxin were also enriched in the falcons with high Salmonella load. These results indicate that Salmonella presence lowers the immune capacity of the falcons, making them susceptible to harboring infectious agents that can be transmitted to humans via falconry [ 86 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Falcon gut microbiota is shaped by diet and enriched in Salmonella

Ahmad,

Ridgeway,

Shibl

et al. 2024

PLoS ONE

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The gut microbiome is increasingly being appreciated as a master regulator of animal health. However, avian gut microbiome studies commonly focus on birds of economic importance and the gut microbiomes of raptors remain underexplored. Here we examine the gut microbiota of 29 captive falcons—raptors of historic importance—in the context of avian evolution by sequencing the V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene. Our results reveal that evolutionary histories and diet are significantly associated with avian gut microbiota in general, whereas diet plays a major role in shaping the falcon gut microbiota. Multiple analyses revealed that gut microbial diversity, composition, and relative abundance of key diet-discriminating bacterial genera in the falcon gut closely resemble those of carnivorous raptors rather than those of their closest phylogenetic relatives. Furthermore, the falcon microbiota is dominated by Firmicutes and contains Salmonella at appreciable levels. Salmonella presence was associated with altered functional capacity of the falcon gut microbiota as its abundance is associated with depletion of multiple predicted metabolic pathways involved in protein mass buildup, muscle maintenance, and enrichment of antimicrobial compound degradation, thus increasing the pathogenic potential of the falcon gut. Our results point to the necessity of screening for Salmonella and other human pathogens in captive birds to safeguard both the health of falcons and individuals who come in contact with these birds.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Falcon gut microbiota is shaped by diet and enriched in Salmonella

Ahmad,

Ridgeway,

Shibl

et al. 2024

PLoS ONE

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“…In addition, differences in plasmids content were detected between ST45 and ST350. Since ST45 is more frequently associated with outbreaks of Salmonella in humans, it poses a serious public health concern [57,58]. However, there are no reports on ST350 in outbreaks of S. Newport.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genomic Diversity, Antimicrobial Resistance, Plasmidome, and Virulence Profiles of Salmonella Isolated from Small Specialty Crop Farms Revealed by Whole-Genome Sequencing

Bhandari,

Poelstra,

Kauffman

et al. 2023

Antibiotics

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Salmonella is the leading cause of death associated with foodborne illnesses in the USA. Difficulty in treating human salmonellosis is attributed to the development of antimicrobial resistance and the pathogenicity of Salmonella strains. Therefore, it is important to study the genetic landscape of Salmonella, such as the diversity, plasmids, and presence antimicrobial resistance genes (AMRs) and virulence genes. To this end, we isolated Salmonella from environmental samples from small specialty crop farms (SSCFs) in Northeast Ohio from 2016 to 2021; 80 Salmonella isolates from 29 Salmonella-positive samples were subjected to whole-genome sequencing (WGS). In silico serotyping revealed the presence of 15 serotypes. AMR genes were detected in 15% of the samples, with 75% exhibiting phenotypic and genotypic multidrug resistance (MDR). Plasmid analysis demonstrated the presence of nine different types of plasmids, and 75% of AMR genes were located on plasmids. Interestingly, five Salmonella Newport isolates and one Salmonella Dublin isolate carried the ACSSuT gene cassette on a plasmid, which confers resistance to ampicillin, chloramphenicol, streptomycin, sulfonamide, and tetracycline. Overall, our results show that SSCFs are a potential reservoir of Salmonella with MDR genes. Thus, regular monitoring is needed to prevent the transmission of MDR Salmonella from SSCFs to humans.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Falcon gut microbiome is shaped by diet and enriched inSalmonella

Ahmad

Ridgeway²,

Shibl

et al. 2022

Preprint

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The gut microbiome is increasingly being appreciated as a master regulator of animal health. However, most avian gut microbiome studies have focused on birds of economic importance while the gut microbiomes of raptors remain underexplored. Here we examine the gut microbiota of 29 samples from four Falco species including hybrid birds, raptors of historic importance, in the context of avian evolution by sequencing the 16S rDNA V4 region. Our results reveal that evolutionary histories and diet are significantly associated with avian gut microbiota in general, whereas diet plays a major role in shaping the falcon gut microbiota. Multiple analyses revealed that gut microbial diversity, composition, and abundance of key diet-discriminating bacterial genera in the falcon gut closely resemble those of carnivorous raptors rather than those of their closest phylogenetic relatives. Furthermore, the falcon microbiota is dominated by Firmicutes and consists of Salmonella at appreciable levels. Salmonella presence may potentially alter the functional capacity of the falcon gut microbiota as its abundance is associated with depletion of multiple predicted metabolic pathways involved in protein mass buildup, muscle maintenance, and enrichment of antimicrobial compound degradation, thus increasing the pathogenic potential of the falcon gut and presents a potential risk to human health.

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Salmonella Newport outbreak in Brazilian parrots: confiscated birds from the illegal pet trade as possible zoonotic sources

Cited by 7 publications

References 21 publications

Falcon gut microbiota is shaped by diet and enriched in Salmonella

Falcon gut microbiota is shaped by diet and enriched in Salmonella

Genomic Diversity, Antimicrobial Resistance, Plasmidome, and Virulence Profiles of Salmonella Isolated from Small Specialty Crop Farms Revealed by Whole-Genome Sequencing

Falcon gut microbiome is shaped by diet and enriched inSalmonella

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