Salmonella in animal feed.

Salmonella serovars isolated for the first time in Poland, 1995–2007

“…The behaviour of each such microorganism in one particular animal species is not necessarily predictive of its behaviour in another host species. Animal feed is a recognized source of pathogenic microorganisms for animals [16]. It is still relatively common to find evidence of contamination of domestic and imported feed and animal-feed ingredients [17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26].…”

Effects of a dietary added formaldehyde-propionic acid blend on feed enterobacteria counts and on growing pig performance and fecal formaldehyde excretion

“…The feed contamination of Enterobacteriaceae, mainly Salmonella sp., is one of great concern in commercial swine production, because it can be an important vehicle of pathogens to animals and humans (DAVIES & HILTON, 2000;KORSAK et al, 2003;MACIOROWSKI et al, 2006). In addition, the contamination of feed mills and feeding systems, especially in non-accessible areas, may be sources of feed and animal contamination (FURUTA et al, 1980;TORROELLA et al, 1987).…”

“…Subclinical effects of pathogenic Enterobacteriaceae on weaned pigs are difficult to quantify, but their performance has been improved when the contamination of feed was lowered (DeROUCHEY et al, 2004). However, there are studies suggesting a potential link between the microorganisms in feed and microorganisms causing human and animal diseases, which may be a food safety problem (DAVIES & HILTON, 2000;KORSAK et al, 2003;MACIOROWSKI et al, 2006;EFSA, 2008). Thus, the availability of additives that can control recontamination of feed with potential pathogens is essential to the safety of food for animals.…”

Opinion of the Scientific Panel on biological hazards (BIOHAZ) related to the use of vaccines for the control of Salmonella in poultry

“…The increasing use of expansion and extrusion systems operated at high temperatures and often followed by a further pelleting stage ensures sufficient heat treatment for all but the most exceptionally highly contaminated ingredients. There is however a problem in some feedmills which is caused by recontamination in pellet or meal coolers which may persist for years or may be a more transient contamination caused by environmental dust from ingredient processing (Davies and Hinton 2000;Jones and Richardson 2004). Feeds for commercial layers are normally not pelleted or heat treated in many countries and whole grain may be fed to broilers without heat treatment.…”