<i>Rickettsia felis</i>–associated Uneruptive Fever, Senegal

Socolovschi, Cristina; Mediannikov, Oleg; Sokhna, Cheikh; Tall, Adama; Diatta, Georges; Basséne, Hubert; Trape, Jean François; Raoult, Didier

doi:10.3201/eid1607.100070

Cited by 141 publications

(135 citation statements)

References 14 publications

(27 reference statements)

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“…The most intriguing feature of our studies was the identification of Rickettsia felis as a causative agent of common febrile disease in rural Senegal. 3,4 Among febrile patients, the overall reported incidence of illness caused by R. felis was approximately 2-4%, and similar results have been independently reported for Kenya. 5,6 Moreover, tick-borne Rickettsia species (R. conorii, R. africae, R. massiliae, R. aeschlimannii, and R. sibirica mongolitimonae) were identified in vectors and patients in Senegal, where seroprevalence against spotted fever group rickettsiae in the healthy population may reach 51%.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 69%

“…These works identified a novel healthcare problem in Africa: acute R. felis-induced fever that mimics malaria. 3,6 Evidently, this acute fever may be responsible for a significant proportion of the non-malarial fevers in Africa. However, the epidemiology and clinical picture of this acute R. felis fever remain to be characterized.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The National Ethics Committee of Senegal approved the project (N 0-00.87MSP/DS/CNERS and N 001380MSP/DS/ CNERS). 3,16,17 The criteria for inclusion in the study were (1) the presence of fever (axillary temperature 37.5 C) as the primary symptom and (2) the presence of eschar(s) on the skin of the patient. Eschars (tache noire) in our patients were identified as single or several (grouped) local skin lesions coated by a coagulated crust or slough that developed without anterior anamnestically evident trauma.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Molecular Identification of Pathogenic Bacteria in Eschars from Acute Febrile Patients, Senegal

Mediannikov

Socolovschi

Million

et al. 2014

The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Abstract. Fever caused by Rickettsia felis was recently shown to play an important role in infectious diseases morbidity in sub-Saharan Africa. We collected 68 cotton swabs from fever-associated eschars in four different regions of Senegal. In 5 of 68 eschar samples (7.4%), we have identified DNA from R. felis. In 49 of 68 eschar samples (72.1%), we have identified DNA from Staphylococcus aureus. In 35 of 68 eschar samples (51.5%), we have identified DNA from Streptococcus pyogenes, and in 4 of 68 eschar samples (5.9%), we have identified DNA from Streptococcus pneumoniae. In 34 cases, S. aureus was found together with S. pyogenes. DNA from R. felis was also found in swabs from the skin of the healthy Senegalese villagers (3 of 60; 5%) but not French urbanites. The presence of S. aureus and S. pyogenes was significantly associated with the presence of eschars in febrile patients compared with the healthy skin from the control group. Finally, we confirmed that Senegal is an endemic region for R. felis, which is found in both eschars and healthy skin swabs.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 69%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Molecular Identification of Pathogenic Bacteria in Eschars from Acute Febrile Patients, Senegal

Mediannikov

Socolovschi

Million

et al. 2014

The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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“…Laboratory studies have indicated that both Rickettsia species are maintained in fleas by vertical and horizontal transmission and can persist for life without causing damage. 11 Rickettsia felis is transmitted to humans by flea bites and contact with flea feces. Recently, R. felis was detected in patients with fever of unknown cause, with a prevalence of 4.4% in Senegal 11 and 3.7-7.2% in Kenya.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Detection of Rickettsia felis and Bartonella henselae in Dog and Cat Fleas in Central Oromia, Ethiopia

Kumsa

Parola

Raoult³

et al. 2014

The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Abstract. Fleas are important vectors of several Rickettsia and Bartonella spp. that cause emerging zoonotic diseases worldwide. In this study, 303 fleas collected from domestic dogs and cats in Ethiopia and identified morphologically as Ctenocephalides felis felis, C. canis, Pulex irritans, and Echidnophaga gallinacea were tested for Rickettsia and Bartonella DNA by using molecular methods. Rickettsia felis was detected in 21% of fleas, primarily C. felis, with a similar prevalence in fleas from dogs and cats. A larger proportion of flea-infested dogs (69%) than cats (37%) harbored at least one C. felis infected with R. felis. Rickettsia typhi was not detected. Bartonella henselae DNA was detected in 6% (2 of 34) of C. felis collected from cats. Our study highlights the likelihood of human exposure to R. felis, an emerging agent of spotted fever, and B. henselae, the agent of cat-scratch disease, in urban areas in Ethiopia.

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“…En Latinoamérica y el Caribe, actualmente se destaca como la especie reportada en el mayor número de países (9). Es evidente, entonces, que R. felis está emergiendo y es importante en la etiología del síndrome febril agudo (10)(11)(12).…”

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Caso probable de fiebre manchada (Rickettsia felis) transmitida por pulgas

et al. 2012

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33(Supl.1):9-13 Fiebre manchada transmitida por pulgas Contribución de los autores:Álvaro Adolfo Faccini se encargó de la revisión de la literatura científica y la redacción del manuscrito. Marylin Hidalgo asesoró la revisión, sugirió modificaciones de estilo, corrigió el manuscrito y suministró ideas para la discusión Elkin G. Forero, Jesús A. Cortés, Luis J. Polo, Jorge H. Jácome, Jimmy J. Vargas y Gustavo Valbuena, asesoraron la revisión y son coinvestigadores del proyecto del cual es producto este manuscrito. PRESENTACIÓN DE CASO Biomédica 2013;33(Supl. Rickettsia felis es el agente etiológico de la fiebre manchada transmitida por pulgas, cuyo principal vector y reservorio es Ctenocephalides felis. Típicamente, la enfermedad se presenta como fiebre aguda asociada a cefalea, astenia, exantema máculo-papular generalizado y, en algunos casos, con escara de inoculación. En los últimos años, R. felis ha venido adquiriendo un papel importante en la etiología del síndrome febril agudo, calificándola como una enfermedad emergente y subdiagnosticada. La inmunofluorescencia indirecta es actualmente el método diagnóstico de referencia. Sin embargo, esta técnica presenta limitaciones relacionadas con la reacción cruzada que existe entre las diferentes especies del género Rickettsia. En el presente reporte se describe el caso de un paciente de 16 años con síndrome febril agudo secundario a infección probable por R. felis. Probable case of flea-borne spotted fever (Rickettsia felis)Rickettsia felis is the etiologic agent of flea-borne spotted fever, with Ctenocephalides felis as its main vector and reservoir. Typically, the disease presents as acute fever associated with headache, asthenia, generalized maculo-papular rash, and in some cases, an inoculation eschar. In recent years, R. felis has acquired an important role in the etiology of the acute febrile syndrome; it is indeed an emerging infectious disease, albeit underdiagnosed. Indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA) is currently the reference diagnostic method. However, this technique has limitations related to the cross reactivity among different species of rickettsiae. Herein, we describe a case of a 16 year-old patient with an acute febrile syndrome secondary to probable infection with R. felis. Key words:Case studies, Rickettsia felis, fever, Rickettsia infections, Colombia. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10. 7705/biomedica.v33i0.723 Las rickettsiosis son entidades clínicas causadas por bacterias intracelulares del género Rickettsia que afectan al hombre al ser transmitidas por artrópodos vectores (1). Los miembros de este género bacteriano se clasifican actualmente en cuatro grupos según sus características genéticas: grupo de las fiebres manchadas (R. rickettsii, R. conorii y R. parkeri, entre otras), grupo del tifus (R. prowazekii y R. typhi), grupo transicional (R. felis, R. akari y R. australis) y grupo ancestral (R. bellii y R. canadensis); este último no tiene un caracter patógeno conocido (1).Rickettsia felis es el agente etiológico de la fiebre manchada t...

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Rickettsia felis–associated Uneruptive Fever, Senegal

Cited by 141 publications

References 14 publications

Molecular Identification of Pathogenic Bacteria in Eschars from Acute Febrile Patients, Senegal

Molecular Identification of Pathogenic Bacteria in Eschars from Acute Febrile Patients, Senegal

Molecular Detection of Rickettsia felis and Bartonella henselae in Dog and Cat Fleas in Central Oromia, Ethiopia

Caso probable de fiebre manchada (Rickettsia felis) transmitida por pulgas

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