<i>Rhizoctonia</i>Species and Anastomosis Groups Causing Root Rot of Wheat and Barley in the Pacific Northwest

Ogoshi, Akira; Cook, Robert; Bassett, E. N.

doi:10.1094/phyto-80-784

Cited by 102 publications

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“…There are few prior reports of R. solani AG-4 as a root-rotting pathogen on cereals, except for Fouly et al (1996), who reported it as an aggressive pathogen on Egyptian wheat. Ogoshi (1990) found R. solani AG-4 to be, at most, mildly pathogenic to wheat and barley in the Pacific Northwest of the United States. Differences in cultivar reactions to R. solani were noted in barley, oat and wheat.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Etiology, impact and control of rhizoctonia seedling blight and root rot of chickpea on the Canadian prairies

Hwang¹,

Gossen²,

Chang³

et al. 2003

Can. J. Plant Sci.

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. 2003. Etiology, impact and control of rhizoctonia seedling blight and root rot of chickpea on the Canadian Prairies. Can. J. Plant Sci. 83: 959-967. Studies were undertaken to assess the impact of seedling blight and root rot caused by Rhizoctonia solani AG-4 on nodulation and seed yield of chickpea. The effects of pathogen inoculum concentration and seed damage on disease severity were also measured. Chickpea seedlings were grown under controlled-environment conditions in sterilized soil amended with pathogenic isolates of R. solani and in field plot experiments where the inoculum was incorporated with the seed at planting. In greenhouse experiments, emergence and dry matter production declined and root rot severity increased with increasing inoculum concentration. Root rot reduced nodulation where lesions covered more than 25% of the root surface. For chickpea cultivar Sanford this level of infection was sufficient to reduce root mass, but for the cultivar Tyson, more than half of the root was covered with lesions before root mass began to decline. In a comparison of seed treatment fungicides, thiram + carbathiin (Vitaflo 280) and carbathiin + thiabendazole (Crown at 6 mL of product kg -1 seed) significantly increased seedling emergence and seed yield compared to the inoculated control. In an assessment of the effects of seed damage, seedling survival and seed yield were similar for both healthy and mechanically damaged seed. Rhizoctonia solani has the potential to be an important constraint to chickpea production in the prairie region of western Canada. 83: 959-967. Les auteurs ont essayé d'évaluer l'incidence de la brûlure et du piétin causés par Rhizoctonia solani AG-4 sur la nodulation et le rendement grainier du pois chiche. Ils ont aussi déterminé dans quelle mesure la gravité de la maladie était influencée par la concentration de l'inoculum pathogène et les graines abîmées. Les plantules de pois chiche ont été cultivées en milieu contrôlé, dans du sol stérilisé auquel on a ajouté un isolat pathogène de R. solani, et sur des parcelles expérimentales, au sol desquelles on a incorporé l'inoculum avec la graine, à la plantation. Lors des expériences en serre, l'usage d'un inoculum de plus en plus concentré entraîne une baisse du taux de levée et de la production de matière sèche ainsi qu'une hausse de la gravité du piétin. Le piétin réduit la nodulation quand les lésions couvrent plus de 25 % de la surface des racines. Avec le cultivar Sanford, ce degré d'infection suffit à réduire la masse des racines, mais avec de Tyson, cette dernière ne diminue que lorsque plus de la moitié des racines sont couvertes de lésions. Lors d'un essai comparatif sur les fongicides destinés aux semences, l'usage de thiram + carbathiin (Vitaflo 280) et de carbathiin + thiabendazole (Crown, à raison de 6 ml par kg de semences) entraîne une hausse sensible du taux de levée et du rendement grainier par rapport au témoin inoculé. En ce qui concerne les graines endommagées, le taux de survie des plantules et le rendement grainier r...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Etiology, impact and control of rhizoctonia seedling blight and root rot of chickpea on the Canadian prairies

Hwang¹,

Gossen²,

Chang³

et al. 2003

Can. J. Plant Sci.

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“…The symptoms produced by R. solani were not typical of sharp eyespot. Lesions did not have the sharply defined dark brown borders which are formed on plants infected by R. cerealis (Ogoshi et al 1990;Mazzola et al 1996;Demirci 1998;Wachowska 2000;Tewoldemedhin et al 2006;Bockus et al 2010). Different reactions to R. cerealis may occur in the field, however.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…The anastomosis groups of R. solani that occur and are significant in cereals include AG-2, AG-4, AG-5 (Mazzola et al 1996;Demirci 1998;Okubara et al 2008) and AG-8 (Ogoshi et al 1990;Mazzola et al 1996;Bockus et al 2010). Group AG-5 is currently the most pathogenic on cereals in Europe (Schade-Schütze pers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Susceptibility of winter Triticale Cultivars to Rhizoctonia Cerealis (sharp eyespot) and R. Solani

Lemańczyk¹

2012

Journal of Plant Protection Research

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Abstract:In the field study period from 2006 to 2010, the incidence and severity of sharp eyespot caused by Rhizoctonia were recorded on 36 cultivars of triticale at the milk ripe growth stage. Four localities in north-central Poland were included: Chrząstowo, Dębina, Kończewice and Minikowo. The susceptibility of the seedlings of 30 cultivars of triticale to R. cerealis (AG-D subgroup I) and R. solani (AG-5) was studied in the laboratory. There was much variation in incidence and severity of sharp eyespot between years and locations. The disease was most intense at Chrząstowo. At this location, the mean percentage of diseased stems on 28 cultivars was Most symptoms developed on coleoptiles, with less symptoms on the leaves and the least on the roots. There was much variation in susceptibility of triticale cultivars to both Rhizoctonia species. Cultivars were grouped into six categories according to the intensity of seedling infection. Categories 1, 2 and 3, representing low, moderate and high susceptibility to R. cerealis, included 17, 10 and 3 cultivars, respectively. Categories 4, 5 and 6, representing low, moderate and high susceptibility to R. solani, included 3, 12 and 15 cultivars, respectively. Cultivars Baltiko and Zorro had low, and cv. Cultivo had high susceptibility to both Rhizoctonia species. No cultivar was resistant to Rhizoctonia. There was a positive correlation between infection by R. cerealis and R. solani. Infection of coleoptiles by R. cerealis or R. solani was significantly correlated with infection of leaves. No correlation between intensity of sharp eyespot on triticale plants in the field and on seedlings in controlled conditions was found.

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“…However, according to Mazzola et al (1996), R. solani anastomosis group 4 (AG-4) is also the causal agent of sharp eyespot. In the cereals, a role can also be played by the following AGs: AG-8 (Ogoshi et al 1990;Bockus et al 2010), AG-2 and AG-5 (Mazzola et al 1996;Demerci 1998;Okubara et al 2008) as well as AG-11 and AG-3 (Demerci 1998;Tewoldemedhin et al 2006), AG-9 and AG-10 (Ogoshi et al 1990).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of the Preceding Crop and Weed Control in the Transmission of Rhizoctonia Cerealis and R. Solani to Winter Cereals

Lemańczyk¹

2012

Journal of Plant Protection Research

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Abstract:Winter cereals (wheat, triticale, rye, barley) grown in experimental fields were assessed for sharp eyespot. Preceding crops (spring cereals and fallow) and weed control (herbicides application, no control) were taken into account. The health status evaluation was carried out at the stem elongation phase and at the milk maturity stage. The macroscopic estimation was accompanied by the analysis of fungal species identified on stem bases and roots, which showed various disease symptoms. The analysis of fungal species from the genus Rhizoctonia were especially noted. Mycological analysis of roots was carried out at the seedling growth and stem elongation phase, and stem bases at the seedling growth and milk maturity stage. Infection caused by Rhizoctonia spp. was confirmed by polymeraze chain reaction (PCR) assay. The highest infection was noted on wheat followed by triticale, rye and barley.Occurrence of sharp eyespot depended more on weed control than on what the preceding crop had been. At the milk maturity stage, lower severity of sharp eyespot of triticale, rye and barley was noted on plots not treated with herbicides, and on wheat with herbicide application. The research showed a significant effect of the preceding crop only on the health status of wheat. At the milk maturity stage, the highest infection was noted after spring triticale and the lowest after oats. Stems of cereals with sharp eyespot symptoms and healthy stems were settled mainly by Rhizoctonia cerealis (wheat -25.6%, triticale -12.0%, rye -22.2%, barley -11.3%), rarely by R. solani (respectively 6.0, 4.0, 2.9 and 1.8%). Rhizoctonia solani was isolated more often from roots with true eyespot and Fusarium foot rot symptoms. It may suggest that R. cerealis was the main causal agent of sharp eyespot on all tested cereals. The preceding crop did not affect the composition of Rhizoctonia species.

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RhizoctoniaSpecies and Anastomosis Groups Causing Root Rot of Wheat and Barley in the Pacific Northwest

Cited by 102 publications

References 0 publications

Etiology, impact and control of rhizoctonia seedling blight and root rot of chickpea on the Canadian prairies

Etiology, impact and control of rhizoctonia seedling blight and root rot of chickpea on the Canadian prairies

Susceptibility of winter Triticale Cultivars to Rhizoctonia Cerealis (sharp eyespot) and R. Solani

The Role of the Preceding Crop and Weed Control in the Transmission of Rhizoctonia Cerealis and R. Solani to Winter Cereals

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