p(n×1) superstructures of Pb on Cu(110)

Pattern organization on Cu(111) in perchlorate solutions

“…Various analytical ultra high vacuum (uhv) techniques have been employed in investigations of the atomic structure, properties and behavior of sub-monolayer and monolayer deposits of Pb on Cu(1 1 1): low energy electron diffraction (LEED) [1][2][3]; spot profile analysis low energy electron diffraction (SPA-LEED) [4,5]; low energy electron microscopy (LEEM) [6,7]; scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) [2,3,8,9]; high resolution helium atom scattering (HAS) [10], thermal energy atom scattering (TEAS) [2,11] and angle scanning ultraviolet (UV) photoemission [12]. Room temperature uhv STM results have demonstrated that despite immiscibility of this system in the bulk, the initial stages of Pb growth on Cu(h k l) results in the formation of surface alloys [8,9,13,14]. This system illustrates the dominant effect of atomic size mismatch that favors surface alloy formation [15].…”

Microscopic view of epitaxial metal growth: nucleation and aggregation

“…At 0.5 ML a c2  2 phase forms [272±274]. This phase transforms into (n  1) structures, where n ranges from 2 to 13 for 0X7 ML` Pb`0 X8 ML [272]. The long range order formed by 0.75 ML Pb on Cu (1 1 0) is characterized by a regular spacing of troughs running along the h0 0 1i-direction (see Fig.…”

Effects of anharmonic strain on the phase stability of epitaxial films and superlattices: Applications to noble metals

“…[18][19][20][21][22] Recently, the topic of surface alloy formation in bulk immiscible systems has attracted considerable attention. [23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42] These systems are usually strained due to film/substrate lattice mismatch. One would like to understand and predict the stability of these types of strained materials.…”