Macrophomina phaseolina–host interface: Insights into an emerging dry root rot pathogen of mungbean and urdbean, and its mitigation strategies

Abstract

Worldwide, dry root rot (also known as charcoal or crown root rot), caused by Macrophomina phaseolina, is an important disease affecting many plantation, arable, and horticultural crops including cereals and legumes (Iqbal & Mukhtar, 2014). Among the leguminous crops, dry root rot causes substantial yield losses in chickpea and soybean (Gupta et al., 2012a;Sharma et al., 2012). Mungbean (Vigna radiata) and urdbean (Vigna mungo), also known as green gram and black gram, respectively, are important leguminous crops in South Asia and other parts of the world. Worldwide, the total area under mungbean and urdbean cultivation is about 6 and 4 million ha, with total production of 3 and 2 million tonnes, respectively (Das et al., 2020;Veni et al., 2016). Both mungbean and urdbean are a rich source of key essential nutrients and dietary protein (AVRDC, 2012;Veni et al., 2016). Dry root rot is favoured by warm climatic conditions and water stress and has become a major disease of mungbean and urdbean in Myanmar, and an emerging disease in other South Asian

GC-MS Profiling of Tinospora cordifolia (Giloy) stem extract for identification of antifungal compounds against Macrophomina phaseolina causing dry root rot of Mungbean [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek]

“…The pathogen is necrotrophic which survives in the soil for many years and has the potential to infect the mungbean plant at all the growth stages (Pandey et al, 2021). The most noticeable sign of dry root rot appears as rotting (black discolouration), resulting in wilting of the plant at an advanced stage and ultimately causing the death of the plants ( Khan et al, 2017;Basandrai et al, 2021). Under higher temperatures and low soil moisture, the prevalence of the disease is elevated (Saleh et al, 2010;Basandrai et al, 2021).…”

Microbiome network connectivity and composition linked to disease resistance in strawberry plants

“…The copyright holder for this preprint this version posted October 7, 2022. ; https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.10.07.511207 doi: bioRxiv preprint genes, breeding plant cultivars that are less susceptible to the pathogen remains a preferred disease management strategy (Holmes et al 2020;Basandrai et al 2021;Cohen et al 2022). In fact, plant cultivars resistant to M. phaseolina are tolerant to the infection, as these plants could only limit, and not suppress, the fungal infection or they compensate for the burden of the infection on the plant by increased fitness (Marquez et al 2021).…”

“…The phaseout of the fumigant methyl bromide coupled with negative effects of global warming (rising temperatures and extended drought periods) renders M. phaseolina a global concern as it is expected to reach further geographical regions, expand its natural host range and causes more severe outbreaks (Zveibil et al 2012; Pickel et al 2020; Pandey and Basandrai 2021; Cohen et al 2022). Although there are not known host-resistance genes, breeding plant cultivars that are less susceptible to the pathogen remains a preferred disease management strategy (Holmes et al 2020; Basandrai et al 2021; Cohen et al 2022). In fact, plant cultivars resistant to M. phaseolina are tolerant to the infection, as these plants could only limit, and not suppress, the fungal infection or they compensate for the burden of the infection on the plant by increased fitness (Marquez et al 2021).…”

Evaluating the Role of Exogenously Applied Ascorbic Acid in Rescuing Soybean Plant Health in The Presence of Pathogen-Induced Oxidative Stress

“…is caused by the ubiquitous soilborne fungus Macrophomina phaseolina (Tassi) Goid. M. phaseolina infects a wide range of plant hosts and is distributed worldwide [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 ]. Under favorable environmental conditions, host infection begins with the germination of microscelerotia in the soil near plant roots.…”