Lactiplantibacillus plantarum WJL administration during pregnancy and lactation improves lipid profile, insulin sensitivity and gut microbiota diversity in dyslipidemic dams and protects male offspring against cardiovascular dysfunction in later life

Abstract

Background and Aims: Maternal dyslipidemia is recognized as a risk factor for the development of arterial hypertension (AH) and cardiovascular dysfunction in offspring. Here we evaluated the effects of probiotic...

Cardiovascular Diseases of Developmental Origins: Preventive Aspects of Gut Microbiota-Targeted Therapy

“…Animal models have provided compelling evidence that adverse early life conditions induce cardiovascular programming, coinciding with altered gut microbiota. Table 1 summarizes animal studies documenting the association between gut microbiota, early life insults, and subsequent CVDs in adult offspring [ 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 ]. CVDs often occur after a prolonged asymptomatic phase in childhood.…”

“…A variety of environmental insults in early life were reported to induce cardiovascular programming related to alterations of gut microbiota, including maternal high-fructose diet [ 34 , 35 , 36 ], maternal high-fructose diet plus 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) exposure [ 37 ], maternal chronic kidney disease [ 38 ], maternal minocycline administration [ 39 ], maternal asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) exposure [ 40 ], maternal hypertension [ 41 , 42 ], maternal high-fat and/or post-weaning high-fat diet [ 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 ], maternal N G -nitro-L-arginine-methyl ester (L-NAME) administration plus post-weaning high-fat diet [ 48 ], maternal Western-style diet [ 49 ], maternal dyslipidemia [ 50 ], and prenatal androgen exposure [ 51 ].…”

“…The most common cardiovascular outcome being studied in altered gut microbiota-related animal models is hypertension [ 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 50 , 51 ], followed by endothelial dysfunction [ 44 ] and ventricular hypertrophy [ 51 ]. Abnormalities in gut microbiota were also related CV risks, such as obesity [ 43 , 44 , 49 , 51 ], insulin resistance [ 43 , 45 ], increased lipid profile [ 45 , 50 ], and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease [ 44 , 48 ]. Abnormalities in gut microbial richness and diversity have been linked to a higher risk of developing other CVDs, such as coronary artery disease, cardiomyopathy, and heart failure [ 52 ].…”

“…Supplementation with Lactobacillus casei throughout gestation and lactation periods protected adult male rat offspring against hypertension induced by the maternal high-fructose diet [ 34 ] or high-fat diet [ 47 ]. Another study demonstrated that maternal Lactiplantibacillus plantarum WJL treatment prevented cardiovascular dysfunction programmed by the maternal high-fat and high-cholesterol diet [ 45 ].…”

Exploring the Gut Microbiota and Cardiovascular Disease

“…Aihara et al demonstrated that daily consumption of fermented milk with L. helveticus CM4 in subjects with high–normal BP or mild hypertension decreased SBP and DBP without any adverse effects [ 128 ]. In a 2020 study, administration of L. plantarum WJL during pregnancy and lactation in dams was reported to reduce BP and prevent cardiovascular dysfunction in male offspring [ 129 ].…”