Regulatory effect of gut microbes on blood pressure

Abstract

Hypertension is an important global public health issue because of its high morbidity as well as the increased risk of other diseases. Recent studies have indicated that the development of hypertension is related to the dysbiosis of the gut microbiota in both animals and humans. In this review, we outline the interaction between gut microbiota and hypertension, including gut microbial changes in hypertension, the effect of microbial dysbiosis on blood pressure (BP), indicators of gut microbial dysbiosis in hypertension, and the microbial genera that affect BP at the taxonomic level. For example, increases in Lactobacillus, Roseburia, Coprococcus, Akkermansia, and Bifidobacterium are associated with reduced BP, while increases in Streptococcus, Blautia, and Prevotella are associated with elevated BP. Furthermore, we describe the potential mechanisms involved in the regulation between gut microbiota and hypertension. Finally, we summarize the commonly used treatments of hypertension that are based on gut microbes, including fecal microbiota transfer, probiotics and prebiotics, antibiotics, and dietary supplements. This review aims to find novel potential genera for improving hypertension and give a direction for future studies on gut microbiota in hypertension.

Microbiota based personalized nutrition improves hyperglycaemia and hypertension parameters and reduces inflammation: A prospective, open label, controlled, randomized, comparative, proof of concept study

“…Similarly, a 4.5% decline in diastolic pressure was also found in this subset of participants from the test arm, although this decrease was not statistically significant [Figure 3B]. It has been reported that increase in Lactobacillus and Bifidobacteria are associated with lower blood pressure 46 . Interestingly, gut microbiota analysis of these participants showed increased abundance of phylum Firmicutes [Lactobacillus is member of this phylum] and Actinobacteria [Bifidobacteria is a member of this phylum] [Figure 4A].…”

“…Gut microbiota dysbiosis has been reported in patients with high blood pressure 45 . Gut microbiota modulation has been shown to impact blood pressure 46 . Hence, we wanted to investigate if microbiota based nutritional intervention would impact the blood pressure parameters in the participants of the test arm.…”

Gut microbiota are differentially correlated with blood pressure status in African American collegiate athletes: A pilot study

“…Microbes of the genus Blautia have been previously associated with elevated BP in cross‐sectional animal and human studies (Yan et al., 2022). Blautia microbes metabolize carbohydrates with main end‐products being acetic acid, succinic acid, lactic acid, and other SCFAs (Freitas et al., 2022; Liu et al., 2021).…”

Gut microbiome profile of Chinese hypertension patients with and without type 2 diabetes mellitus

“…According to the study by Li et al, hypertensive individuals had decreased microbial richness and diversity, Prevotella-dominated gut enterotype, and overgrowth of bacteria such as Prevotella and Klebsiella [ 14 ]. Another research also reported the correlation between Prevotella and elevated blood pressure [ 26 ]. However, currently there’s no research on Preotella copri in hypertension patients, but it may play an essential role in triggering the inflammatory response in disease such as rheumatoid arthritis [ 27 ].…”