<i>In Vivo</i>Tracing of Neural Tracts in the Intact and Injured Spinal Cord of Marmosets by Diffusion Tensor Tractography

Fujiyoshi, Kanehiro; Yamada, Masayuki; Nakamura, Masaya; Yamane, Junichi; Katoh, Hiroyuki; Kitamura, Kazuya; Kawai, Kenji; Okada, Seiji; Momoshima, Suketaka; Toyama, Yoshiaki; Okano, Hideyuki

doi:10.1523/jneurosci.3354-07.2007

Cited by 94 publications

(77 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Not being able to evaluate minute changes in the injured spinal cord tissue of living animals in the span of time appears to be one of the factors that stands in the way of a breakthrough, but we have been pursuing research that should allow us to accomplish this task 1 step at a time. We have recently focused on anisotropic diffusion in the spinal cord white matter, and succeeded in establishing diffusion tensor tractography, which is a novel axon-specific evaluation system that uses magnetic resonance imaging [42], and we are attempting to apply this technology to patients with spinal injuries and spinal cord disease (Fig. 3).…”

Section: Future Prospects and Tasksmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cell Therapy for Spinal Cord Injury by Neural Stem/Progenitor Cells Derived from iPS/ES Cells

et al. 2011

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Reports of functional recovery from spinal cord injury after the transplantation of rat fetus-derived neural stem cells and embryonic stem cells has raised great expectations for the successful clinical use of stem cell transplantation therapy. However, the ethical issues involved in destroying human embryos or fertilized oocytes to obtain stem cells have been a major obstacle to developing clinically useful stem cell sources, and the transplantation of stem cells isolated from other human embryonic tissues has not yet been developed for use in clinical applications. Recently, induced pluripotent stem cells, which can serve as a source of cells for autologous transplantation, have been attracting a great deal of attention as a clinically viable alternative to stem cells obtained directly from tissues. In this review, we outline the neural induction of mouse embryonic stem cells and induced pluripotent stem cells, their therapeutic efficacy in spinal cord injury, and their safety in vivo.

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Section: Future Prospects and Tasksmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cell Therapy for Spinal Cord Injury by Neural Stem/Progenitor Cells Derived from iPS/ES Cells

et al. 2011

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“…An increase in the mean diffusivity (ADC) values was observed in injured nerves with demyelination [15,16,19,20]. Imaging of the spinal cord is challenging because of technical limitations such as the relatively small size of the cord, susceptibility artifacts because of tissue-bone interfaces, and the motion artifacts arising from respiratory activity [21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical applications of diffusion magnetic resonance imaging of the lumbar foraminal nerve root entrapment

et al. 2010

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Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) can provide valuable structural information about tissues that may be useful for clinical applications in evaluating lumbar foraminal nerve root entrapment. Our purpose was to visualize the lumbar nerve root and to analyze its morphology, and to measure its apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) in healthy volunteers and patients with lumbar foraminal stenosis using 1.5-T magnetic resonance imaging. Fourteen patients with lumbar foraminal stenosis and 14 healthy volunteers were studied. Regions of interest were placed at the fourth and fifth lumbar root at dorsal root ganglia and distal spinal nerves (at L4 and L5) and the first sacral root and distal spinal nerve (S1) on DWI to quantify mean ADC values. The anatomic parameters of the spinal nerve roots can also be determined by neurography. In patients, mean ADC values were significantly higher in entrapped roots and distal spinal nerve than in intact ones. Neurography also showed abnormalities such as nerve indentation, swelling and running transversely in their course through the foramen. In all patients, leg pain was ameliorated after selective decompression (n = 9) or nerve block (n = 5). We demonstrated the first use of DWI and neurography of human lumbar nerves to visualize and quantitatively evaluate lumbar nerve entrapment with foraminal stenosis. We believe that DWI is a potential tool for diagnosis of lumbar nerve entrapment.

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“…Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a non-invasive imaging technique to visualize various organs in detail. We have adapted a number of MRI techniques, including diffusion tensor tractography (DTT; Fujiyoshi et al 2007;Hikishima et al 2015) and voxel based morphometric (VBM) analysis (Hikishima et al , 2015, and a new method for the visualization of myelin (Myelin Map; Fujiyoshi et al 2016). …”

Section: Advantages Of Using Common Marmosets For Biomedical Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuroscience Research Using Non-human Primate Models and Genome Editing

Kishi

2017

Research and Perspectives in Neurosciences

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The common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus) is a small New World non-human primate indigenous to northeastern Brazil. This species has been attracting the attention of biomedical researchers and neuroscientists for its ease of handling and colony maintenance, unique behavioral characteristics, and several human-like traits, such as enriched social vocal communication and strong relationships between parents and offspring. Its high reproductive efficiency makes it particularly amenable for use in the development of transgenic and genome editing technologies in a non-human primate model. Our group has recently generated transgenic marmosets with germ line transmission, opening new avenues in primate research.In this chapter, we describe recent advances in neuroscience and disease research using common marmosets, and we outline potential uses of genome editing in non-human primates toward the development of knock-in/knock-out marmosets.

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In VivoTracing of Neural Tracts in the Intact and Injured Spinal Cord of Marmosets by Diffusion Tensor Tractography

Cited by 94 publications

References 39 publications

Cell Therapy for Spinal Cord Injury by Neural Stem/Progenitor Cells Derived from iPS/ES Cells

Cell Therapy for Spinal Cord Injury by Neural Stem/Progenitor Cells Derived from iPS/ES Cells

Clinical applications of diffusion magnetic resonance imaging of the lumbar foraminal nerve root entrapment

Neuroscience Research Using Non-human Primate Models and Genome Editing

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