<i>In vivo</i> evidence that the cannabinoid receptor 2–63 <scp>RR</scp> variant is associated with the acquisition and/or expansion of <scp>HIV</scp> infection

Sagnelli, Caterina; Uberti-Foppa, Caterina; Hasson, Hamid; Bellini, Giulia; Minichini, Carmine; Salpietro, Stefania; Messina, Emanuela; Barbanotti, Diletta; Merli, Marco; Punzo, Francesca; Coppola, Nicola; Lazzarin, Adriano; Sagnelli, E.

doi:10.1111/hiv.12638

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 36 publications

(51 reference statements)

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“…These variants affect the response of CB2 receptor to cannabinoids. The receptor carrying R showed a reduced immune modulation function when activated by cannabinoids, therefore influencing the acquisition, the severity and the duration of the infection from other RNA viruses [45,46]. Cannabinoids may also induce less damage to endothelial barriers, thanks to their influence on several pro-inflammatory events [47].…”

Section: Cb2 and Viral Infectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cannabinoid Receptor Type 2: A Possible Target in SARS-CoV-2 (CoV-19) Infection?

Rossi

Tortora

Argenziano

et al. 2020

IJMS

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In late December 2019, a novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2 or CoV-19) appeared in Wuhan, China, causing a global pandemic. SARS-CoV-2 causes mild to severe respiratory tract inflammation, often developing into lung fibrosis with thrombosis in pulmonary small vessels and causing even death. COronaVIrus Disease (COVID-19) patients manifest exacerbated inflammatory and immune responses, cytokine storm, prevalence of pro-inflammatory M1 macrophages and increased levels of resident and circulating immune cells. Men show higher susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection than women, likely due to estrogens production. The protective role of estrogens, as well as an immune-suppressive activity that limits the excessive inflammation, can be mediated by cannabinoid receptor type 2 (CB2). The role of this receptor in modulating inflammation and immune response is well documented in fact in several settings. The stimulation of CB2 receptors is known to limit the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, shift the macrophage phenotype towards the anti-inflammatory M2 type and enhance the immune-modulating properties of mesenchymal stromal cells. For these reasons, we hypothesize that CB2 receptor can be a therapeutic target in COVID-19 pandemic emergency.

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Section: Cb2 and Viral Infectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cannabinoid Receptor Type 2: A Possible Target in SARS-CoV-2 (CoV-19) Infection?

Rossi

Tortora

Argenziano

et al. 2020

IJMS

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“…All patients were evaluated for HBV, and HCV serum markers. Serum samples were tested for HBsAg, anti-HCV, total anti-HBc, and anti-hepatitis B surface antibody (HBs) using commercial immunoenzymatic assays (Abbott Laboratories, North Chicago, IL, USA: AxSYM® HBsAg (v2) M/S for HBsAg, AxSYM® HCV (v3) for anti-HCV, AxSYM® CORE™ (v2) for total anti-HBc, and AxSYM® AUSAB® for anti-HBs), as described in previous studies [20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cancer- and non-cancer related chronic pain: from the physiopathological basics to management

et al. 2019

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AbstractThe prevalence of chronic pain is between 33% to 64% and is due to cancer pain, but it has also been observed in non-cancer patients. Chronic pain is associated with lower quality of life and higher psychological distress and depressive/anxiety disorders in patients without a history of disorder.In this study we evaluated in clinical practice the effectiveness of the intrathecal pump in 140 patients who underwent pain therapy at our Center. These patients were consecutively enrolled from January 2010 to July 2018.Follow-up was carried out over these eight years regarding the infusion modalities. Pain relief was obtained in 71 (50,7%) patients out of the 140 that experienced satisfactory pain control globally.Intrathecal therapy is one of the best options for chronic severe refractory pain. The greatest advantage of this therapy is due to the possibility of treating the pain with minimal dosages of the drug, avoiding the appearance of troublesome side effects.

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“…Compromised resistance to different pathogens was demonstrated during the following years [ 61 , 62 , 63 , 64 ]. Later on, the roles of the endocannabinoid system in the induction of immunity by bacterial pathogens were established [ 65 ] and specific CB2 genotypes were found to correlate with susceptibility to some viral diseases [ 36 , 66 , 67 ]. On the other hand, in vitro studies demonstrated that cannabinoids exert microbicidal activity on different bacteria and fungi [ 65 , 68 ] and could also control viral pathogenesis in some cases [ 69 , 70 , 71 ].…”

Section: The Effects Of Cannabinoid-based Treatments In Different mentioning

confidence: 99%

Cannabis, the Endocannabinoid System and Immunity—the Journey from the Bedside to the Bench and Back

Almogi-Hazan

2020

IJMS

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The Cannabis plant contains numerous components, including cannabinoids and other active molecules. The phyto-cannabinoid activity is mediated by the endocannabinoid system. Cannabinoids affect the nervous system and play significant roles in the regulation of the immune system. While Cannabis is not yet registered as a drug, the potential of cannabinoid-based medicines for the treatment of various conditions has led many countries to authorize their clinical use. However, the data from basic and medical research dedicated to medical Cannabis is currently limited. A variety of pathological conditions involve dysregulation of the immune system. For example, in cancer, immune surveillance and cancer immuno-editing result in immune tolerance. On the other hand, in autoimmune diseases increased immune activity causes tissue damage. Immuno-modulating therapies can regulate the immune system and therefore the immune-regulatory properties of cannabinoids, suggest their use in the therapy of immune related disorders. In this contemporary review, we discuss the roles of the endocannabinoid system in immunity and explore the emerging data about the effects of cannabinoids on the immune response in different pathologies. In addition, we discuss the complexities of using cannabinoid-based treatments in each of these conditions.

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In vivo evidence that the cannabinoid receptor 2–63 RR variant is associated with the acquisition and/or expansion of HIV infection

Abstract: There is the suggestion of a positive effect of the CB2 RR variant on HIV acquisition and/or spread, which is in accordance with previous in vitro observations.

Cited by 6 publications

References 36 publications

Cannabinoid Receptor Type 2: A Possible Target in SARS-CoV-2 (CoV-19) Infection?

Cannabinoid Receptor Type 2: A Possible Target in SARS-CoV-2 (CoV-19) Infection?

Cancer- and non-cancer related chronic pain: from the physiopathological basics to management

Cannabis, the Endocannabinoid System and Immunity—the Journey from the Bedside to the Bench and Back

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