In vivo evaluation of the combination effect of near-infrared laser and 5-fluorouracil-loaded PLGA-coated magnetite nanographene oxide

Abstract

Magnetite nanographene oxide has exhibited great potential in drug delivery and photothermal therapy (PTT) for cancer treatment. Here we developed 5-fluorouracil-loaded poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid)-coated magnetite nanographene oxide (NGO-SPION-PLGA-5-Fu) to simplify combined PTT and chemotherapy in one complex. The nanocarrier was synthesized using a modified O/W/O/W multiple emulsion solvent evaporation method and was characterized for size, zeta potential, drug loading, in vitro and in vivo release. In this paper, in vivo suppression effect of PTT and chemotherapy using this synthesized magnetite nanographene oxide was studied. The in vitro release of 5-Fu from nanoparticles showed that 41.36% of the drug was released within 24 h. In vivo release showed that 5-Fu has a sustained release profile and prolonged lifetime in the rabbit plasma. Remarkably, a single injection of NGO-SPION-PLGA-5-Fu and 808 nm near-infrared laser (NIR) irradiation for 3 min effectively suppressed the growth of tumours compared with 5-Fu alone (p < .01). Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) confirmed that the magnetic nanographene oxide was effectively targeted to the tumour site. Therefore, NGO-SPION-PLGA-5-Fu showed excellent PTT efficacy, magnetic targeting property, and MRI ability, indicating that there is a great potential of NGO-SPION-PLGA-5-Fu for cancer theranostic applications.

A novel non-invasive strategy for low-level laser-induced cancer therapy by using new Ag/ZnO and Nd/ZnO functionalized reduced graphene oxide nanocomposites

“…Nanomaterials which have optical absorption in the nearinfrared such as gold nanoparticles, graphene oxide (GO) and partially (rGO) nanoparticle, carbon nanotubes and iron oxide nanoparticles have been developed for the hyper-thermic remedy of cancer [11][12][13][14]. As an emerging carbon material "graphene" with two-dimensional conjugated chemical structure has high specific surface area and [15] excellent electrico/thermal conductivity [16,17]. In addition, graphene has demonstrated excellent potential in both photothermal therapy and drug delivery [18].…”

MRI-traceable theranostic nanoparticles for targeted cancer treatment

“…Poly(ε-caprolactone-co-lactide) (PCLA)-PEG-PCLA nanocapsules that encapsulated SPIOs, IR820, and PTX, for magnetically-guided tumor targeting, fluorescence/MRI imaging, and chemotherapy-PTT, showed significant inhibition against 4T1 tumors in mice when combined with magnetic targeting 150 . Other examples include EGFR-targeted, Erbitux-conjugated liposomes with manganese-doped IONPs, gold nanorods and DOX for MRI/fluorescence dual-guided chemotherapy-PTT 151 ; 5-fluorouracil-loaded, PLGA-coated magnetite nanographene oxide for magnetically-guided chemotherapy-PTT suppression of a CT26 colon cancer 152 ; and magnetically-targeted, polymer hybrid iron oxide nanocapsules containing IR820 and PTX for fluorescence/MRI-guided chemotherapy-PTT 150 .…”

Graphene-Based Magnetic Nanoparticles for Theranostics: An Overview for Their Potential in Clinical Application

“…As mentioned above, the diagnostic technique most often described in the studies reviewed is MRI. MRI contrast agents have demonstrated their ability to maximize the difference in relaxation time between healthy and diseased tissues and are classified into T 1 or T 2 contrast agents depending on their magnetic properties and imaging effects [ 49 ]. On the one hand, the T 1 performance is mainly associated with a paramagnetic character of the contrast agent coming from transition and lanthanide metal ions within their chemical structure presenting a large number of unpaired electrons [ 50 , 51 ].…”

“…In the reviewed articles, the most common surface functionalization is PEG [ 20 , 40 , 45 , 47 , 49 ]. However, some other strategies are boarded in those articles, including coating the GbMNPs with chitosan [ 41 ] and poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) [ 43 , 49 ]. In those works, PLGA was selected due to its potential utility in reducing enzymatic degradation, the sustained release of various drugs, the enhancement of the drug payload and the reduction in immune reactions [ 49 ].…”

“…However, some other strategies are boarded in those articles, including coating the GbMNPs with chitosan [ 41 ] and poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) [ 43 , 49 ]. In those works, PLGA was selected due to its potential utility in reducing enzymatic degradation, the sustained release of various drugs, the enhancement of the drug payload and the reduction in immune reactions [ 49 ]. Chitosan, i.e., polysaccharide of natural origin, was in turn selected because it responds to microenvironmental pH-stimuli by changing its solubility accordingly to the pH values of healthy and cancer cells.…”