In vitro stability of triclosan in dentifrice under simulated use condition

Abstract

Triclosan has been formulated into a dentifrice at a 0.3% level to enhance the antibacterial function of the dentifrice, to improve oral health and to decrease the daily malodor inside the mouth cavity. The hypothesis that chloroform may be generated from triclosan when contacted with chlorinated drinking water has challenged our guarantee of safe use of triclosan in oral care products, especially in Colgate Total toothpaste. Currently, there was no available analytical method to detect chloroform levels under the use conditions expected during daily tooth brushing. To fill this gap and to continue guaranteeing that our customers can safely use Colgate Total toothpaste products, a gas chromatography-single ion monitoring-mass spectrometry method for detecting chloroform in artificial saliva media has been developed. The limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantitation are about 41 and 130 ppb, respectively. This LOD level is lower than the current Environmental Protection Agency trihalomethanes contamination limit, which is required for our daily drink water. Our in vitro study indicated that Colgate Total does not form detectable chloroform levels (41 ppb) over the range of expected consumer-brushing times while using normal chlorinated drinking water.

Triclosan: Current Status, Occurrence, Environmental Risks and Bioaccumulation Potential

“…A study carried out by Fiss et al [ 78 ] described that TCS may involve in the generation of chloroform, under certain conditions can almost double the chloroform formation in the drinking water treated with chlorine. On the contrary, studies [ 79 ] showed that there was no production of measurable quantities of chloroform within a normal tooth-brush when using toothpaste containing TCS and normal chlorinated drinking water. According to US EPA classification, chloroform is a possible human carcinogen.…”

“…According to US EPA classification, chloroform is a possible human carcinogen. As a consequence, there was a campaign in UK underlining the potential of TCS to cause cancer, although Hao et al studies [ 79 ] revealed that the amount of chloroform generated was lower in volume. Meanwhile, TCS in household dishwashing soaps reacts with chlorinated H 2 O to produce significant quantities of chloroform, a probable human carcinogen [ 80 ].…”

Review Article: Oral malodour and active ingredients for treatment

“…The antibacterial triclosan or 2,4,4¢-trichloro-2¢hydroxydiphenylether [101] is widely incorporated into oral care products particularly for halitosis treatment as it is highly compatible with other ingredients [102] and is stable [103] in various preparations [99,101]. Triclosan at a concentration of 0.3% reduced VSCs [104], and the calcium-based system was claimed to enhance this activity [101].…”

ENDOCRINE HEALTH: Nitrate May Feed Thyroid Disorders

“…9 Synthetic fertilizer can be an important source of nitrate in water and food. 10 The foods that often have the highest concentrations of nitrate, such as spinach, kale, and beets, often are touted for their nutritional benefits. The women in this study who were hardest hit by thyroid disorders tended to be better educated, physically active nonsmokers-a group Ward says is more likely to eat vegetables.…”

“…9 But another study published the same year showed no formation of detectable chloroform levels over a range of expected tooth-brushing durations among subjects using toothpaste with triclosan and normal chlorinated tap water. 10 Studies also have yielded conflicting findings regarding links between triclosan and adverse health effects in animals. One study, for example, associated exposure to low levels of triclosan with disrupted thyroid hormoneassociated gene expression in tadpoles, which encouraged them to prematurely change into frogs, 11 while another linked triclosan exposure with reduced sperm production in male rats.…”