In vitro Selection for Fusaric Acid Resistant Barley Plants

Abstract

Calli of two genotypes of barley, 'Dissa' and W 193, were used for selection of resistance against fusaric acid, a pathotoxin of Fusanitm. Callus was initiated from 7-to 10 days old immature embryos. 1000 calli of the 'Dissa' and 500 of the W 193 genotypes were grown for 4 selection cycles on medium with 0.8 mM fusaric acid. In the first selection cycle, about 80 % of the calli were killed; after the 4 selection cycles, 8 to 11 % resistant calli were obtained and plants were regenerated. Resistant calli maintained on non-toxic medium showed retention of resistance ability after 3 months of sub~culttaring. Plants could be regenerated from the surviving calli and testing by leaf bioassay revealed that many were resistant to the same toxin concentration employed for callus selection (100 %), while some were only resistant up to a concentration of 75 %.

The phytotoxicity ofFusarium metabolites: An update since 1989

“…Fusaric acid was probably the first of the fungal toxins implicated in plant disease. The original findings of Gaumann [ 171 ] and Sadasivan [ 118] implicating FA as a wilt toxin produced by some Fusarium species some 40 years ago, have been substantiated [119,120]. FA also has antibiotic, pharmacological and insecticidal properties [ 121 ].…”

Application of cell and tissue culture and in vitro selection for disease resistance breeding — a review

“…Asymmetric hybrids were obtained by fusion of irradiated protoplasts from resistant accessions of several Brassica species with protoplasts of a susceptible cultivar of B. napus (recipient). Fusion products resistant to the toxin were Hartman el al., 1984;McCoy, 1988Arcioni et al, 1987Binarov~i et al, 1990 Chawla & Wenzel, 1987aChawla & Wenzel, 1987bChawla & Kole, 1990Mitra & Gupta, 1989Rotino ct al,, 1987, 1990Connell & Heale, 1986, 1987Gengenbach et al, 1977Brettell et al, 1980Rines & Luke, 1985Hammerschlag, 1988Behnke, 1979, 1980aBehnke, 1980bSacristan, 1982. 1985MacDonald & Ingram, 1985Ling et al, 1985Vidhyasekaran et al, 1990Sun et al, 1986Heinz et al, 1977Carlson, 1973Thanutong et al, 1983Murakishi & Carlson, 1982Toyoda et al, 1985Selvapandiyan et al, t988 Scala et al, 1984Shahin & Spivey, 1986Cassells et al, 1986Toyoda et al, 1989bPauly et al,, 1987 Chawla & Wenzel, 1987bChawla & Kole, 1990 a Abstracts have been omitted from this table, unless they contained additional informat...…”

New approaches to generate disease-resistant Gladiolus

“…Selections using FA to select resistant materials from callus cultures have been reported (Shahin and Spivey 1986;Chawla and Wenzel 1987a;Remotti et al 1997), in other reports the use of culture filtrate to select resistant materials against the fungus have been found effective (Hamerschlag 1988;Jayasankar et al 2002). FA affects the development of shoots, proliferation of callus and cell multiplication in the cell suspension cultures.…”