In vitro evaluation of the bioactive factors preserved in porcine small intestinal submucosa through cellular biological approaches

Abstract

The objective of this study was to develop cellular biological approaches to evaluate the potential effect of bioactive factors in porcine small intestinal submucosa (SIS) on bladder regeneration and angiogenesis. For this purpose, we cultured human bladder smooth muscle cell (HBSMC) and human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC), and then used cellular biological techniques to characterize in vitro biological effect of SIS components on HBSMC and HUVEC. Our results indicated that the SIS components had stimulated the attachment, proliferation, and migration of HBSMC and HUVEC, as well as tube formation by HUVEC on Matrigel. These results implied that the SIS might have preserved a mixture of bioactive factors including cell adhesion factors, mitogenic factors, chemotactic cytokines, and angiogenic factors, and these bioactive factors would have the potential of promoting bladder regeneration and angiogenesis. In conclusion, these cellular biological approaches might be helpful and effective for evaluation of the bioactive factors preserved in porcine SIS before it is used for bladder augmentation in humans.

Avoiding Detrimental Human Immune Response Against Mammalian Extracellular Matrix Implants

“…These peptides were found to display chemoattractant potential for several cell types in vitro and in vivo, including endothelial cells and multipotential progenitor cells that participate in the remodeling of the ECM. [70][71][72] However, extensive production of anti-non gal antibodies in response to various immunogenic ECM proteins and proteoglycans may result in binding of these antibodies to the ECM implant and accelerate its destruction by macrophages binding to such antibodies complexed with ECM molecules. This will result in hindering stem cell/ECM interaction, elimination of the implant and possibly in the default process of fibrosis, rather than appropriate remodeling and regeneration of the ECM.…”

An injectable nucleus pulposus cell-modified decellularized scaffold: biocompatible material for prevention of disc degeneration

“…observed that SIS can stimulate bladder smooth muscle cells and human umbilical vein endothelial cells to attach, proliferate and migrate in vitro . [31] Li et al . showed that small molecular weight peptides released by SIS are biologically active with respect to recruitment of murine endothelial cells in vitro and in vivo .…”

Proposal of intestinal tissue engineering combined with Bianchi’s procedure

“…SIS possesses a mixture of bioactive factors including cell adhesion factors, mitogenic factors, chemotactic cytokines, and angiogenic factors [10]. In 1966, it was first clinically used for replacement of the inferior vena cava [24].…”

“…Porcine-derived small intestinal submucosa (SIS) is one such decellularized, collagen-rich bioscaffold. It has been reported to contain functional growth factors considered vital for tissue restoration [7][8][9] and to preserve a mixture of bioactive factors including cell adhesion factors, mitogenic factors, chemotactic cytokines, and angiogenic factors [8,10]. Several reports have described the utility of SIS in intestinal tissue engineering using animal models [11][12][13][14][15][16].…”